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In this work, we present HiAER-Spike, a modular, reconfigurable, event-driven neuromorphic computing platform designed to execute large spiking neural networks with up to 160 million neurons and 40 billion synapses - roughly twice the…

Spintronic nano-neurons offer a promising route towards energy-efficient, high-performance hardware neural networks thanks to their inherent low-input nonlinear dynamics. However, training such networks remains a major bottleneck as it…

Energy efficiency and low latency are crucial requirements for designing wearable AI-empowered human activity recognition systems, due to the hard constraints of battery operations and closed-loop feedback. While neural network models have…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Sizhen Bian , Michele Magno

Binary spike coding enables sparse and event-driven computation in spiking neural networks (SNNs), yet its 1-bit-per-timestep representation fundamentally limits information throughput. This bottleneck becomes increasingly restrictive in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Dewei Bai , Hongxiang Peng , Jiajun Mei , Yang Ren , Hong Qu , Dawen Xia , Zhang Yi

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are brain-inspired, event-driven machine learning algorithms that have been widely recognized in producing ultra-high-energy-efficient hardware. Among existing SNNs, unsupervised SNNs based on synaptic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Mingyuan Meng , Xingyu Yang , Lei Bi , Jinman Kim , Shanlin Xiao , Zhiyi Yu

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are one of the most promising bio-inspired neural networks models and have drawn increasing attention in recent years. The event-driven communication mechanism of SNNs allows for sparse and theoretically…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Andrea Castagnetti , Alain Pegatoquet , Benoît Miramond

Neuromorphic computing mimics brain-inspired mechanisms through spiking neurons and energy-efficient processing, offering a pathway to efficient in-memory computing (IMC). However, these advancements raise critical security and privacy…

Spiking neural networks are neuromorphic systems that emulate certain aspects of biological neurons, offering potential advantages in energy efficiency and speed by for example leveraging sparsity. While CMOS-based electronic SNN hardware…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Ria Talukder , Anas Skalli , Xavier Porte , Simon Thorpe , Daniel Brunner

A neuromorphic chip that combines CMOS analog spiking neurons and memristive synapses offers a promising solution to brain-inspired computing, as it can provide massive neural network parallelism and density. Previous hybrid analog…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-06-11 Xinyu Wu , Vishal Saxena , Kehan Zhu

There is an increasing interest in emulating Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) on neuromorphic computing devices due to their low energy consumption. Recent advances have allowed training SNNs to a point where they start to compete with…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Nicolas Perez-Nieves , Dan F. M. Goodman

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have garnered attention over recent years due to their increased energy efficiency and advantages in terms of operational complexity compared to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Two important…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Daniel Windhager , Lothar Ratschbacher , Bernhard A. Moser , Michael Lunglmayr

The human brain utilizes spikes for information transmission and dynamically reorganizes its network structure to boost energy efficiency and cognitive capabilities throughout its lifespan. Drawing inspiration from this spike-based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jiangrong Shen , Qi Xu , Gang Pan , Badong Chen

Spike-based neuromorphic hardware promises to reduce the energy consumption of image classification and other deep learning applications, particularly on mobile phones or other edge devices. However, direct training of deep spiking neural…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Christoph Stöckl , Wolfgang Maass

In this work, we present HiAER-Spike, a modular, reconfigurable, event-driven neuromorphic computing platform designed to execute large spiking neural networks with up to 160 million neurons and 40 billion synapses - roughly twice the…

Recent efforts have fostered significant progress towards deep learning in spiking networks, both theoretical and in silico. Here, we discuss several different approaches, including a tentative comparison of the results on BrainScaleS-2,…

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are strongly affected by non-stationary neural signals that vary across sessions and individuals, limiting the generalization of subject-agnostic models and motivating…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Nikhil Garg , Anxiong Song , Niklas Plessnig , Nathan Savoia , Laura Bégon-Lours

Spiking Neural Network (SNN) is the third generation of Neural Network (NN) mimicking the natural behavior of the brain. By processing based on binary input/output, SNNs offer lower complexity, higher density and lower power consumption.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Khanh N. Dang , Abderazek Ben Abdallah

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), inspired by the spiking behavior of biological neurons, offer a distinctive approach for capturing the complexities of temporal data. However, their potential for spatial modeling in multivariate time-series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Bang Hu , Changze Lv , Mingjie Li , Yunpeng Liu , Xiaoqing Zheng , Fengzhe Zhang , Wei cao , Fan Zhang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a biologically inspired foundation for low-power, event-driven intelligence, yet their direct on-chip supervised training remains a key hardware challenge. This paper presents a multiplication-free,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Maryam Mirsadeghi , Mojtaba Mirbagheri , Saeed Reza Kheradpisheh

Cryogenic neuromorphic systems, inspired by the brains unparalleled efficiency, present a promising paradigm for next generation computing architectures.This work introduces a fully integrated neuromorphic framework that combines…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Md Mazharul Islam , Julia Steed , Karan Patel , Catherine Schuman , Ahmedullah Aziz