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Large Vision and Language Models (LVLMs) have shown strong performance across various vision-language tasks in natural image domains. However, their application to remote sensing (RS) remains underexplored due to significant domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Sungjune Park , Yeongyun Kim , Se Yeon Kim , Yong Man Ro

Remote sensing has evolved from simple image acquisition to complex systems capable of integrating and processing visual and textual data. This review examines the development and application of multi-modal language models (MLLMs) in remote…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Xintian Sun , Benji Peng , Charles Zhang , Fei Jin , Qian Niu , Junyu Liu , Keyu Chen , Ming Li , Pohsun Feng , Ziqian Bi , Ming Liu , Xinyuan Song , Yichao Zhang

Remote Sensing Vision-Language Models (RS VLMs) have made much progress in the tasks of remote sensing (RS) image comprehension. While performing well in multi-modal reasoning and multi-turn conversations, the existing models lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Xu Liu , Zhouhui Lian

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive results in various visual tasks. However, in remote sensing (RS), high resolution and small proportion of objects pose challenges to existing MLLMs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Hongxiang Jiang , Jihao Yin , Qixiong Wang , Jiaqi Feng , Guo Chen

Pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) utilizing extensive image-text paired data have demonstrated unprecedented image-text association capabilities, achieving remarkable results across various downstream tasks. A critical challenge is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Zilun Zhang , Tiancheng Zhao , Yulong Guo , Jianwei Yin

Multimodal fusion of remote sensing images serves as a core technology for overcoming the limitations of single-source data and improving the accuracy of surface information extraction, which exhibits significant application value in fields…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Siyu Zhang , Lianlei Shan , Runhe Qiu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable performance in vision-language tasks. However, existing MLLMs are primarily trained on generic datasets, limiting their ability to reason on domain-specific visual cues such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hatef Otroshi Shahreza , Sébastien Marcel

The astonishing breakthrough of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has necessitated new benchmarks to quantitatively assess their capabilities, reveal their limitations, and indicate future research directions. However, this is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Fengxiang Wang , Hongzhen Wang , Mingshuo Chen , Di Wang , Yulin Wang , Zonghao Guo , Qiang Ma , Long Lan , Wenjing Yang , Jing Zhang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Remote sensing imagery presents vast, inherently unstructured spatial data, necessitating sophisticated reasoning to interpret complex user intents and contextual relationships beyond simple recognition tasks. In this paper, we aim to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Liang Yao , Fan Liu , Hongbo Lu , Chuanyi Zhang , Rui Min , Shengxiang Xu , Shimin Di , Pai Peng

A robust Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) for Earth Observation should maintain consistent interpretation and reasoning under realistic input variations. However, current Remote Sensing MLLMs fail to meet this requirement. Trained on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Rui Min , Liang Yao , Shiyu Miao , Shengxiang Xu , Yuxuan Liu , Chuanyi Zhang , Shimin Di , Fan Liu

The multimodal language models (MLMs) based on generative pre-trained Transformer are considered powerful candidates for unifying various domains and tasks. MLMs developed for remote sensing (RS) have demonstrated outstanding performance in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Qingyun Li , Yushi Chen , Xinya Shu , Dong Chen , Xin He , Yi Yu , Xue Yang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive performance across various tasks such as image captioning and visual question answer(VQA); however, they often struggle to accurately interpret depth information inherent in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Hao Yang , Hongbo Zhang , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin

The interpretation of multi-temporal remote sensing imagery is critical for monitoring Earth's dynamic processes-yet previous change detection methods, which produce binary or semantic masks, fall short of providing human-readable insights…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Chenyang Liu , Jiafan Zhang , Keyan Chen , Man Wang , Zhengxia Zou , Zhenwei Shi

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are widely regarded as crucial in the exploration of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). The core of MLLMs lies in their capability to achieve cross-modal alignment. To attain this goal, current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Fei Zhao , Taotian Pang , Chunhui Li , Zhen Wu , Junjie Guo , Shangyu Xing , Xinyu Dai

The emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has revolutionized image understanding by bridging textual and visual modalities. However, these models often struggle with capturing fine-grained semantic information, such as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Jie Yang , Wang Zeng , Sheng Jin , Lumin Xu , Wentao Liu , Chen Qian , Zhen Li , Ruimao Zhang

With Transformers achieving outstanding performance on individual remote sensing (RS) tasks, we are now approaching the realization of a unified model that excels across multiple tasks through multi-task learning (MTL). Compared to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Qingyun Li , Shuran Ma , Junwei Luo , Yi Yu , Yue Zhou , Fengxiang Wang , Xudong Lu , Xiaoxing Wang , Xin He , Yushi Chen , Xue Yang

The domain gap between remote sensing imagery and natural images has recently received widespread attention and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated excellent generalization performance in remote sensing multimodal tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Yujie Li , Wenjia Xu , Guangzuo Li , Zijian Yu , Zhiwei Wei , Jiuniu Wang , Mugen Peng

We present VARGPT, a novel multimodal large language model (MLLM) that unifies visual understanding and generation within a single autoregressive framework. VARGPT employs a next-token prediction paradigm for visual understanding and a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Xianwei Zhuang , Yuxin Xie , Yufan Deng , Liming Liang , Jinghan Ru , Yuguo Yin , Yuexian Zou

The emergence of large-scale large language models, with GPT-4 as a prominent example, has significantly propelled the rapid advancement of artificial general intelligence and sparked the revolution of Artificial Intelligence 2.0. In the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Yuan Hu , Jianlong Yuan , Congcong Wen , Xiaonan Lu , Xiang Li

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) demonstrate strong perception and reasoning performance on existing remote sensing (RS) benchmarks. However, most prior benchmarks rely on low-resolution imagery, and some high-resolution benchmarks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yunkai Dang , Meiyi Zhu , Donghao Wang , Yizhuo Zhang , Jiacheng Yang , Qi Fan , Yuekun Yang , Wenbin Li , Feng Miao , Yang Gao