Related papers: Generalization of LiNGAM that allows confounding

Disturbance noises are always bounded in a practical system, while fusion estimation is to best utilize multiple sensor data containing noises for the purpose of estimating a quantity--a parameter or process. However, few results are…

Many applications in mechanical, acoustic, and electronic engineering require estimating complex dynamical models, often represented as additive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) transfer functions with structural constraints. This paper…

First-order methods have been popularly used for solving large-scale problems. However, many existing works only consider unconstrained problems or those with simple constraint. In this paper, we develop two first-order methods for…

In this paper, we ask: what truly determines the effectiveness of RL training data for enhancing language models' reasoning capabilities? While recent advances like o1, Deepseek R1, and Kimi1.5 demonstrate RL's potential, the lack of…

Human Multimodal Language Understanding (MLU) aims to infer human intentions by integrating related cues from heterogeneous modalities. Existing works predominantly follow a ``learning to attend" paradigm, which maximizes mutual information…

In this paper, we propose two algorithms for solving linear inverse problems when the observations are corrupted by noise. A proper data fidelity term (log-likelihood) is introduced to reflect the statistics of the noise (e.g. Gaussian,…

Estimating causal effects from observational data is not always possible due to confounding. Identifying a set of appropriate covariates (adjustment set) and adjusting for their influence can remove confounding bias; however, such a set is…

This study introduces a novel formulation to enhance Support Vector Machines (SVMs) in handling class imbalance and noise. Unlike the conventional Soft Margin SVM, which penalizes the magnitude of constraint violations, the proposed model…

Correlations between factors of variation are prevalent in real-world data. Exploiting such correlations may increase predictive performance on noisy data; however, often correlations are not robust (e.g., they may change between domains,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of information retrieval, particularly for reranking. Listwise LLM rerankers have showcased superior performance and generalizability compared to existing supervised…

Support vector machine (SVM) has attracted great attentions for the last two decades due to its extensive applications, and thus numerous optimization models have been proposed. To distinguish all of them, in this paper, we introduce a new…

Optimizing data mixtures is essential for unlocking the full potential of large language models (LLMs), yet identifying the optimal composition remains computationally prohibitive due to reliance on heuristic trials or expensive proxy…

Constraint ordering plays a critical role in the efficiency of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) solvers, particularly for large-scale problems where poorly ordered constraints trigger increased LP iterations and suboptimal search…

Local explanation methods such as LIME (Ribeiro et al., 2016) remain fundamental to trustworthy AI, yet their application to NLP is limited by a reliance on random token masking. These heuristic perturbations frequently generate…

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) are enhanced with audio perception capabilities, enabling them to effectively process and understand multimodal inputs that combine audio and text. However, their performance in handling conflicting…

With growing public safety demands, text-based person anomaly search has emerged as a critical task, aiming to retrieve individuals with abnormal behaviors via natural language descriptions. Unlike conventional person search, this task…

Causal inference from longitudinal observational data is a challenging problem due to the difficulty in correctly identifying the time-dependent confounders, especially in the presence of latent time-dependent confounders. Instrumental…

The existence of noisy labels in real-world data negatively impacts the performance of deep learning models. Although much research effort has been devoted to improving robustness to noisy labels in classification tasks, the problem of…

This study tackles the efficient estimation of Kullback-Leibler (KL) Divergence in Dirichlet Mixture Models (DMM), crucial for clustering compositional data. Despite the significance of DMMs, obtaining an analytically tractable solution for…

Clustering analysis is one of the most widely used statistical tools in many emerging areas such as microarray data analysis. For microarray and other high-dimensional data, the presence of many noise variables may mask underlying…