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In this paper, we delve deeper into the Kullback-Leibler (KL) Divergence loss and mathematically prove that it is equivalent to the Decoupled Kullback-Leibler (DKL) Divergence loss that consists of (1) a weighted Mean Square Error (wMSE)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Jiequan Cui , Beier Zhu , Qingshan Xu , Zhuotao Tian , Xiaojuan Qi , Bei Yu , Hanwang Zhang , Richang Hong

We derive a closed form solution for the Kullback-Leibler divergence between two generalized gamma distributions. These notes are meant as a reference and provide a guided tour towards a result of practical interest that is rarely…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Christian Bauckhage

For a large class of expanding maps of the interval, we prove that partial sums of Lipschitz observables satisfy an almost sure central limit theorem (ASCLT). In fact, we provide a speed of convergence in the Kantorovich metric. Maxima of…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-05-15 J. -R. Chazottes , P. Collet

Using Bernstein polynomial approximations, we prove the central limit theorem for linear spectral statistics of sample covariance matrices, indexed by a set of functions with continuous fourth order derivatives on an open interval including…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-11-29 Zhidong Bai , Xiaoying Wang , Wang Zhou

Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is a fundamental concept in information theory that quantifies the discrepancy between two probability distributions. In the context of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), it serves as a central regularization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Andrés Muñoz , Rodrigo Ramele

Classical Edgeworth expansions provide asymptotic correction terms to the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) up to an order that depends on the number of moments available. In this paper, we provide subsequent correction terms beyond those given…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-03-23 Henry Lam , Jose Blanchet , Damian Burch , Martin Z. Bazant

Stochastic gradient algorithms are more and more studied since they can deal efficiently and online with large samples in high dimensional spaces. In this paper, we first establish a Central Limit Theorem for these estimates as well as for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-17 Antoine Godichon-Baggioni

The generalized Kullback-Leibler divergence (K-Ld) in Tsallis statistics [constrained by the additive duality of generalized statistics (dual generalized K-Ld)] is here reconciled with the theory of Bregman divergences for expectations…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-27 R. C. Venkatesan , A. Plastino

We analyze the asymptotic fluctuations of linear eigenvalue statistics of random centrosymmetric matrices with i.i.d. entries. We prove that for a complex analytic test function, the centered and normalized linear eigenvalue statistics of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Indrajit Jana , Sunita Rani

In this work, we compute the defect relative entropy between topological defects in the symmetric product orbifold CFT $\mathrm{Sym}^N(M) = M^{\otimes N}/S_N$. Our analysis covers two distinct classes of defects: universal defects, which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-21 Mostafa Ghasemi

We deduce sufficient conditions for the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) in the Lebesgue-Riesz space L(p) defined on some measure space for the sequence of centered random variables satisfying the strong mixing (Rosenblatt) condition. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-05 M. R. Formica , E. Ostrovsky , L. Sirota

Customers arrive at rate N times alpha on a network of N single server infinite buffer queues, choose L queues uniformly, join the shortest one, and are served there in turn at rate beta. We let N go to infinity.We prove a functional…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Carl Graham

The Adaptive Multilevel Splitting algorithm is a very powerful and versatile iterative method to estimate the probability of rare events, based on an interacting particle systems. In an other article, in a so-called idealized setting, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-21 Charles-Edouard Bréhier , Ludovic Goudenège , Loic Tudela

Lower and upper bounds are explored for the uniform (Kolmogorov) and $L^2$-distances between the distributions of weighted sums of dependent summands and the normal law. The results are illustrated for several classes of random variables…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-08-08 S. G. Bobkov , G. P. Chistyakov , F. Götze

Estimating the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between two distributions given samples from them is well-studied in machine learning and information theory. Motivated by considerations of multi-group fairness, we seek KL divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Parikshit Gopalan , Nina Narodytska , Omer Reingold , Vatsal Sharan , Udi Wieder

We study the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) in the so-called mixed (anisotropic) Lebesgue-Riesz spaces and tail behavior of normed sums of centered random independent variables (vectors) with values in these spaces.

Probability · Mathematics 2013-08-27 E. Ostrovsky , L. Sirota

We present a new approach, inspired by Stein's method, to prove a central limit theorem (CLT) for linear statistics of $\beta$-ensembles in the one-cut regime. Compared with the previous proofs, our result requires less regularity on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Gaultier Lambert , Michel Ledoux , Christian Webb

A central limit theorem for arrays of symmetric row-wise exchangeable random variables is presented. The result is valid for finite and infinite extendable and non-extendable sequences. Unlike most reported versions of the central limit…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-22 Ilya Soloveychik

A sharp version of the Central Limit Theorem for linear combinations of iterates of an inner function is proved. The authors previously showed this result assuming a suboptimal condition on the coefficients of the linear combination. Here…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-07-25 Artur Nicolau , Odí Soler i Gibert

We provide the first quantitative estimates for the rate of convergence in the free multiplicative central limit theorem (CLT), in terms of the Kolmogorov and $r$-Wasserstein distances for $r \geq 1$. While the free additive CLT has been…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-07-03 Marwa Banna , Nicolas Gilliers , Pei-Lun Tseng
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