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The paradigm of decision-making has been revolutionised by reinforcement learning and deep learning. Although this has led to significant progress in domains such as robotics, healthcare, and finance, the use of RL in practice is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Daqian Shao

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) enables policy training solely on pre-collected data, avoiding direct environment interaction - a crucial benefit for energy-constrained embodied AI applications. Although Artificial Neural Networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Wei Huang , Qinying Gu , Nanyang Ye

Despite recent success of deep network-based Reinforcement Learning (RL), it remains elusive to achieve human-level efficiency in learning novel tasks. While previous efforts attempt to address this challenge using meta-learning strategies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Haozhe Wang , Jiale Zhou , Xuming He

In-context learning (ICL) is the ability of a model to learn a new task by observing a few exemplars in its context. While prevalent in NLP, this capability has recently also been observed in Reinforcement Learning (RL) settings. Prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Thomas Schmied , Fabian Paischer , Vihang Patil , Markus Hofmarcher , Razvan Pascanu , Sepp Hochreiter

Imitation learning (IL) has proven effective for enabling robots to acquire visuomotor skills through expert demonstrations. However, traditional IL methods are limited by their reliance on high-quality, often scarce, expert data, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Shuze Wang , Yunpeng Mei , Hongjie Cao , Yetian Yuan , Gang Wang , Jian Sun , Jie Chen

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) is a challenging task, whose objective is to learn policies from static trajectory data without interacting with the environment. Recently, offline RL has been viewed as a sequence modeling problem, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Shengchao Hu , Li Shen , Ya Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that allow for precise control over the characteristics of the generated samples. While these diffusion models trained on large datasets have achieved success, there is often a need to…

Decision Transformer (DT) has emerged as a promising class of algorithms in offline reinforcement learning (RL) tasks, leveraging pre-collected datasets and Transformer's capability to model long sequences. Recent works have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yu Yang , Pan Xu

In many real-world applications, collecting large and high-quality datasets may be too costly or impractical. Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to infer an optimal decision-making policy from a fixed set of data. Getting the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Charles A. Hepburn , Giovanni Montana

Offline safe RL is of great practical relevance for deploying agents in real-world applications. However, acquiring constraint-satisfying policies from the fixed dataset is non-trivial for conventional approaches. Even worse, the learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Qin Zhang , Linrui Zhang , Haoran Xu , Li Shen , Bowen Wang , Yongzhe Chang , Xueqian Wang , Bo Yuan , Dacheng Tao

Offline Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning (Offline GCRL) is an important problem in RL that focuses on acquiring diverse goal-oriented skills solely from pre-collected behavior datasets. In this setting, the reward feedback is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Sungyoon Kim , Yunseon Choi , Daiki E. Matsunaga , Kee-Eung Kim

Most reinforcement learning (RL) methods only focus on learning a single task from scratch and are not able to use prior knowledge to learn other tasks more effectively. Context-based meta RL techniques are recently proposed as a possible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Xu Han , Feng Wu

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims at learning policies from previously collected static trajectory data without interacting with the real environment. Recent works provide a novel perspective by viewing offline RL as a generic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Kerong Wang , Hanye Zhao , Xufang Luo , Kan Ren , Weinan Zhang , Dongsheng Li

Decision Transformer (DT) can learn effective policy from offline datasets by converting the offline reinforcement learning (RL) into a supervised sequence modeling task, where the trajectory elements are generated auto-regressively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Zhihong Liu , Long Qian , Zeyang Liu , Lipeng Wan , Xingyu Chen , Xuguang Lan

The performance of machine learning model can be further improved if contextual cues are provided as input along with base features that are directly related to an inference task. In offline learning, one can inspect historical training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Kin Gwn Lore , Kishore K. Reddy

Recent work has shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be incredibly effective for offline reinforcement learning (RL) by representing the traditional RL problem as a sequence modelling problem (Chen et al., 2021; Janner et al., 2021).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Shyam Sudhakaran , Sebastian Risi

In-context learning (ICL) allows Transformers to adapt to novel tasks without weight updates, yet the underlying algorithms remain poorly understood. We adopt a statistical decision-theoretic perspective by investigating simple binary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Faris Chaudhry , Siddhant Gadkari

Typically, a modern reinforcement learning (RL) agent solves a task by updating its neural network parameters to adapt its policy to the task. Recently, it has been observed that some RL agents can solve a wide range of new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Jiuqi Wang , Rohan Chandra , Shangtong Zhang

This paper introduces Elastic Decision Transformer (EDT), a significant advancement over the existing Decision Transformer (DT) and its variants. Although DT purports to generate an optimal trajectory, empirical evidence suggests it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Yueh-Hua Wu , Xiaolong Wang , Masashi Hamaya

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) allows learning sequential behavior from fixed datasets. Since offline datasets do not cover all possible situations, many methods collect additional data during online fine-tuning to improve performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Mohammadreza Nakhaei , Aidan Scannell , Joni Pajarinen