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Language and Vision-Language Models (LLMs/VLMs) have revolutionized the field of AI by their ability to generate human-like text and understand images, but ensuring their reliability is crucial. This paper aims to evaluate the ability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Tobias Groot , Matias Valdenegro-Toro

Large language models can generate runnable software artifacts, but their security remains difficult to evaluate end to end. This study examines that problem through a Detect--Repair--Verify (DRV) workflow, in which vulnerabilities are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Cheng Cheng

Large Language Models(LLMs) have been actively integrated into modern software systems as critical components. LLM-in-the-loop vulnerabilities, where vulnerabilities are introduced by LLMs and their dependent downstream components, such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yujie Ma , Jialin Rong , Chenxi Yang , Lili Quan , Xiaofei Xie , Yongqiang Lyu , Qiang Hu

As large language models (LLMs) grow more capable, they face increasingly diverse and complex tasks, making reliable evaluation challenging. The paradigm of LLMs as judges has emerged as a scalable solution, yet prior work primarily focuses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Weiyuan Li , Xintao Wang , Siyu Yuan , Rui Xu , Jiangjie Chen , Qingqing Dong , Yanghua Xiao , Deqing Yang

The widespread adoption of web applications has made their security a critical concern and has increased the need for systematic ways to assess whether they can be considered trustworthy. However, "trust" assessment remains an open problem…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Oleksandr Yarotskyi , José D'Abruzzo Pereira , João R. Campos

Large language models (LLMs) are promising tools for supporting security management tasks, such as incident response planning. However, their unreliability and tendency to hallucinate remain significant challenges. In this paper, we address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Kim Hammar , Tansu Alpcan , Emil Lupu

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in non-generative software maintenance tasks, such as fault localization (FL). Success in FL depends on a models ability to reason about program semantics beyond surface-level…

Jailbreak attacks induce Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate harmful responses, posing severe misuse threats. Though research on jailbreak attacks and defenses is emerging, there is no consensus on evaluating jailbreaks, i.e., the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Delong Ran , Jinyuan Liu , Yichen Gong , Jingyi Zheng , Xinlei He , Tianshuo Cong , Anyu Wang

Jailbreak attacks are crucial for identifying and mitigating the security vulnerabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). They are designed to bypass safeguards and elicit prohibited outputs. However, due to significant differences among…

The rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has been accompanied by the development of various benchmarks to evaluate their capabilities. However, the true nature of these evaluations and the extent to which they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Botian Jiang , Lei Li , Xiaonan Li , Zhaowei Li , Xiachong Feng , Lingpeng Kong , Qi Liu , Xipeng Qiu

Although demonstrating remarkable performance on reasoning tasks, Large Language Models (LLMs) still tend to fabricate unreliable responses when confronted with problems that are unsolvable or beyond their capability, severely undermining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Boyang Xue , Qi Zhu , Rui Wang , Sheng Wang , Hongru Wang , Minda Hu , Fei Mi , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu , Kam-Fai Wong

Language models (LMs) show promise for vulnerability detection but struggle with long, real-world code due to sparse and uncertain vulnerability locations. These issues, exacerbated by token limits, often cause models to miss…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Xinran Zheng , Xingzhi Qian , Huichi Zhou , Shuo Yang , Yiling He , Suman Jana , Lorenzo Cavallaro

Logical reasoning is fundamental for humans yet presents a substantial challenge in the domain of Artificial Intelligence. Initially, researchers used Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR) systems that did not scale and required…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Man Luo , Shrinidhi Kumbhar , Ming shen , Mihir Parmar , Neeraj Varshney , Pratyay Banerjee , Somak Aditya , Chitta Baral

The rising use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to create and disseminate malware poses a significant cybersecurity challenge due to their ability to generate and distribute attacks with ease. A single prompt can initiate a wide array of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Jamal Al-Karaki , Muhammad Al-Zafar Khan , Marwan Omar

The rapid development of Chinese large language models (LLMs) poses big challenges for efficient LLM evaluation. While current initiatives have introduced new benchmarks or evaluation platforms for assessing Chinese LLMs, many of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Chuang Liu , Linhao Yu , Jiaxuan Li , Renren Jin , Yufei Huang , Ling Shi , Junhui Zhang , Xinmeng Ji , Tingting Cui , Tao Liu , Jinwang Song , Hongying Zan , Sun Li , Deyi Xiong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in tasks requiring complex reasoning, such as code generation, mathematical problem solving, and algorithmic synthesis -- especially when aided by reasoning tokens and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Jaechul Roh , Varun Gandhi , Shivani Anilkumar , Arin Garg

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized many areas (e.g. natural language processing, software engineering, etc.) by achieving state-of-the-art performance on extensive downstream tasks. Aiming to achieve robust and general…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Zhiming Li , Yushi Cao , Xiufeng Xu , Junzhe Jiang , Xu Liu , Yon Shin Teo , Shang-wei Lin , Yang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive capabilities across a myriad of tasks, yet they occasionally yield undesirable outputs. We posit that these limitations are rooted in the foundational autoregressive architecture of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Cheng Yang , Chufan Shi , Siheng Li , Bo Shui , Yujiu Yang , Wai Lam

Software vulnerabilities can result in catastrophic cyberattacks that increasingly threaten business operations. Consequently, ensuring the safety of software systems has become a paramount concern for both private and public sectors.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Boyu Zhang , Triet H. M. Le , M. Ali Babar

As large language models (LLMs) gradually become integral tools for problem solving in daily life worldwide, understanding linguistic inequality is becoming increasingly important. Existing research has primarily focused on static analyses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Chenglong Wang , Haoyu Tang , Xiyuan Yang , Yueqi Xie , Jina Suh , Sunayana Sitaram , Junming Huang , Yu Xie , Zhaoya Gong , Xing Xie , Fangzhao Wu
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