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Cyber threat detection has become an important area of focus in today's digital age due to the growing spread of fake information and harmful content on social media platforms such as Twitter (now 'X'). These cyber threats, often disguised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Saydul Akbar Murad , Ashim Dahal , Nick Rahimi

Identifying and resolving software faults remains a challenging and resource-intensive process. Traditional fault localization techniques, such as Spectrum-Based Fault Localization (SBFL), leverage statistical analysis of test coverage but…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Md Nakhla Rafi , Dong Jae Kim , Tse-Hsun Chen , Shaowei Wang

Many important properties of multi-agent systems refer to the participants' ability to achieve a given goal, or to prevent the system from an undesirable event. Among intelligent agents, the goals are often of epistemic nature, i.e.,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Masoud Tabatabaei , Wojciech Jamroga

Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks are highly sophisticated and employ a multitude of advanced methods and techniques to target organizations and steal sensitive and confidential information. APT attacks consist of multiple stages and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Huynh Thai Thi , Ngo Duc Hoang Son , Phan The Duy , Nghi Hoang Khoa , Khoa Ngo-Khanh , Van-Hau Pham

Model extraction attacks pose significant security threats to deployed language models, potentially compromising intellectual property and user privacy. This survey provides a comprehensive taxonomy of LLM-specific extraction attacks and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Kaixiang Zhao , Lincan Li , Kaize Ding , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Yue Zhao , Yushun Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in language understanding and generation. Nonetheless, it was also witnessed that LLMs tend to produce inaccurate responses to specific queries. This deficiency can be traced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Dixuan Wang , Yanda Li , Junyuan Jiang , Zepeng Ding , Ziqin Luo , Guochao Jiang , Jiaqing Liang , Deqing Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are intensively used to assist security analysts in counteracting the rapid exploitation of cyber threats, wherein LLMs offer cyber threat intelligence (CTI) to support vulnerability assessment and incident…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Luoxi Tang , Yuqiao Meng , Ankita Patra , Weicheng Ma , Muchao Ye , Zhaohan Xi

Treewidth is a well-studied decompositional parameter to measure the tree-likeness of a graph. While the propositional satisfiability problem (SAT) is known to be tractable when parameterized by the treewidth of the underlying primal graph,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Robert Ganian , Marlene Gründel

The emerging wide area monitoring systems (WAMS) have brought significant improvements in electric grids' situational awareness. However, the newly introduced system can potentially increase the risk of cyber-attacks, which may be disguised…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Gabriel Intriago , Yu Zhang

Targeted attacks against network infrastructure are notoriously difficult to guard against. In the case of communication networks, such attacks can leave users vulnerable to censorship and surveillance, even when cryptography is used. Much…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Edward L. Platt , Daniel M. Romero

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in the field of natural language processing. Unfortunately, LLMs face significant security and ethical risks. Although techniques such as safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Qingsong Zou , Jingyu Xiao , Qing Li , Zhi Yan , Yuhang Wang , Li Xu , Wenxuan Wang , Kuofeng Gao , Ruoyu Li , Yong Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) have empowered nodes within multi-agent networks with intelligence, showing growing applications in both academia and industry. However, how to prevent these networks from generating malicious information…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Miao Yu , Shilong Wang , Guibin Zhang , Junyuan Mao , Chenlong Yin , Qijiong Liu , Qingsong Wen , Kun Wang , Yang Wang

Search-optimization problems are plentiful in scientific and engineering domains. Artificial intelligence has long contributed to the development of search algorithms and declarative programming languages geared towards solving and modeling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Yuliya Lierler

Natural language interfaces to structured databases are becoming increasingly common, largely due to advances in large language models (LLMs) that enable users to query data using conversational input rather than formal query languages such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Farzad Nourmohammadzadeh Motlagh , Mehrdad Hajizadeh , Mehryar Majd , Pejman Najafi , Feng Cheng , Christoph Meinel

Ranking risks and countermeasures is one of the foremost goals of quantitative security analysis. One of the popular frameworks, used also in industrial practice, for this task are attack-defense trees. Standard quantitative analyses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Florian Dorfhuber , Julia Eisentraut , Katharina Klioba , Jan Kretinsky

Large language models (LLMs) have seen widespread applications across various domains, yet remain vulnerable to adversarial prompt injections. While most existing research on jailbreak attacks and hallucination phenomena has focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Linghan Huang , Haolin Jin , Zhaoge Bi , Pengyue Yang , Peizhou Zhao , Taozhao Chen , Xiongfei Wu , Lei Ma , Huaming Chen

As LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) are increasingly deployed for complex tasks, ensuring their reliability has become a pressing challenge. Since MAS coordinate through unstructured natural language rather than rigid protocols, they are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jin Jia , Zhiling Deng , Zhuangbin Chen , Yingqi Wang , Zibin Zheng

Numerous Fault Localisation (FL) and repair techniques have been proposed to address faults in Deep Learning (DL) models. However, their effectiveness in practical applications remains uncertain due to the reliance on pre-defined rules.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jinhan Kim , Nargiz Humbatova , Gunel Jahangirova , Shin Yoo , Paolo Tonella

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has marked significant achievements in language processing and reasoning capabilities. Despite their advancements, LLMs face vulnerabilities to data poisoning attacks, where the adversary inserts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Xiangyu Zhou , Yao Qiang , Saleh Zare Zade , Mohammad Amin Roshani , Prashant Khanduri , Douglas Zytko , Dongxiao Zhu

A key challenge in security analysis is the manual evaluation of potential security weaknesses generated by static application security testing (SAST) tools. Numerous false positives (FPs) in these reports reduce the effectiveness of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jonas Wagner , Simon Müller , Christian Näther , Jan-Philipp Steghöfer , Andreas Both