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As large language models continue to develop, the feasibility and significance of text-based symbolic music tasks have become increasingly prominent. While symbolic music has been widely used in generation tasks, LLM capabilities in…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jiahao Zhao , Yunjia Li , Wei Li , Kazuyoshi Yoshii

The release of top-performing open-weight LLMs has cemented China's role as a leading force in AI development. Do these models support languages spoken in China? Or do they support the same languages as models developed in the United States…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Andrea W Wen-Yi , Unso Eun Seo Jo , David Mimno

Ensuring that Large Language Models (LLMs) align with mainstream human values and ethical norms is crucial for the safe and sustainable development of AI. Current value evaluation and alignment are constrained by Western cultural bias and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Ping Wu , Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Yuwei Wang , Yiting Dong , Yu Shi , Enmeng Lu , Feifei Zhao , Yi Zeng

With the rapid development of Large language models (LLMs), understanding the capabilities of LLMs in identifying unsafe content has become increasingly important. While previous works have introduced several benchmarks to evaluate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Hengxiang Zhang , Hongfu Gao , Qiang Hu , Guanhua Chen , Lili Yang , Bingyi Jing , Hongxin Wei , Bing Wang , Haifeng Bai , Lei Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into search services, providing direct answers that can reduce users' reliance on traditional result pages. Yet their factual reliability in non-English web ecosystems remains poorly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Geng Liu , Junjie Mu , Li Feng , Mengxiao Zhu , Francesco Pierri

This paper assesses the potential for the large language models (LLMs) GPT-4 and GPT-3.5 to aid in deriving insight from education feedback surveys. Exploration of LLM use cases in education has focused on teaching and learning, with less…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Michael J. Parker , Caitlin Anderson , Claire Stone , YeaRim Oh

We introduce KoBALT (Korean Benchmark for Advanced Linguistic Tasks), a comprehensive linguistically-motivated benchmark comprising 700 multiple-choice questions spanning 24 phenomena across five linguistic domains: syntax, semantics,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Hyopil Shin , Sangah Lee , Dongjun Jang , Wooseok Song , Jaeyoon Kim , Chaeyoung Oh , Hyemi Jo , Youngchae Ahn , Sihyun Oh , Hyohyeong Chang , Sunkyoung Kim , Jinsik Lee

Steel-LLM is a Chinese-centric language model developed from scratch with the goal of creating a high-quality, open-source model despite limited computational resources. Launched in March 2024, the project aimed to train a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Qingshui Gu , Shu Li , Tianyu Zheng , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Large language models excel in general tasks, yet assessing their reliability in logic-heavy, precision-critical domains like finance, law, and healthcare remains challenging. To address this, we introduce BizFinBench, the first benchmark…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Guilong Lu , Xuntao Guo , Rongjunchen Zhang , Wenqiao Zhu , Ji Liu

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable success across a variety of tasks. However, their potential in the domain of Automated Essay Scoring (AES) remains largely underexplored. Moreover, compared to English data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Yida Cai , Kun Liang , Sanwoo Lee , Qinghan Wang , Yunfang Wu

While pre-trained language models (LMs) have brought great improvements in many NLP tasks, there is increasing attention to explore capabilities of LMs and interpret their predictions. However, existing works usually focus only on a certain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Yaozong Shen , Lijie Wang , Ying Chen , Xinyan Xiao , Jing Liu , Hua Wu

Generative large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing with their transformative and emergent capabilities. However, recent evidence indicates that LLMs can produce harmful content that violates social…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Xiaohan Yuan , Jinfeng Li , Dongxia Wang , Yuefeng Chen , Xiaofeng Mao , Longtao Huang , Jialuo Chen , Hui Xue , Xiaoxia Liu , Wenhai Wang , Kui Ren , Jingyi Wang

The TextClass Benchmark project is an ongoing, continuous benchmarking process that aims to provide a comprehensive, fair, and dynamic evaluation of LLMs and transformers for text classification tasks. This evaluation spans various domains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Bastián González-Bustamante

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into real-world decision-making, including in the domain of public policy. Yet, their ability to comprehend and reason about policy-related content remains underexplored. To fill this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Han Bao , Penghao Zhang , Yue Huang , Zhengqing Yuan , Yanchi Ru , Rui Su , Yujun Zhou , Xiangqi Wang , Kehan Guo , Nitesh V Chawla , Yanfang Ye , Xiangliang Zhang

Recent studies on large language models (LLMs) and large multimodal models (LMMs) have demonstrated promising skills in various domains including science and mathematics. However, their capability in more challenging and real-world related…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Ming Li , Jike Zhong , Tianle Chen , Yuxiang Lai , Konstantinos Psounis

Rhetoric recognition is a critical component in automated essay scoring. By identifying rhetorical elements in student writing, AI systems can better assess linguistic and higher-order thinking skills, making it an essential task in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yuxuan Lai , Xiajing Wang , Chen Zheng

The era of large language models (LLM) raises questions not only about how to train models, but also about how to evaluate them. Despite numerous existing benchmarks, insufficient attention is often given to creating assessments that test…

The ability to recognize analogies is fundamental to human cognition. Existing benchmarks to test word analogy do not reveal the underneath process of analogical reasoning of neural models. Holding the belief that models capable of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Jiangjie Chen , Rui Xu , Ziquan Fu , Wei Shi , Zhongqiao Li , Xinbo Zhang , Changzhi Sun , Lei Li , Yanghua Xiao , Hao Zhou

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated sophisticated capabilities, including the ability to process and comprehend extended contexts. These emergent capabilities necessitate rigorous evaluation methods to…

Large Language Models (LLMs) provide a possibility to make a great breakthrough in medicine. The establishment of a standardized medical benchmark becomes a fundamental cornerstone to measure progression. However, medical environments in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Xidong Wang , Guiming Hardy Chen , Dingjie Song , Zhiyi Zhang , Zhihong Chen , Qingying Xiao , Feng Jiang , Jianquan Li , Xiang Wan , Benyou Wang , Haizhou Li