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Say a trinomial $x^n+A x^m+B \in \Q[x]$ has reducibility type $(n_1,n_2,...,n_k)$ if there exists a factorization of the trinomial into irreducible polynomials in $\Q[x]$ of degrees $n_1$, $n_2$,...,$n_k$, ordered so that $n_1 \leq n_2 \leq…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-12-20 Andrew Bremner , Maciej Ulas

The scalar difference equation $x_{n+1}=f_{n}(x_{n},x_{n-1},...,x_{n-k})$ may exhibit symmetries in its form that allow for reduction of order through substitution or a change of variables. Such form symmetries can be defined generally…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2008-05-28 H. Sedaghat

This article describes a sequence of rational functions which converges locally uniformly to the zeta function. The numerators (and denominators) of these rational functions can be expressed as characteristic polynomials of matrices that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-28 Keith Ball

This paper is concerned with the study of the fractional finite sums theory. We present the classes of functions for which it is possible to characterize the constant related to the derivative of fractional sums (denominated by essence of a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-03 Leonardo F. Bielinski , Giuliano G. La Guardia , Jocemar Q. Chagas

For a rational function f we consider the norm of the derivative with respect to the spherical metric and denote by K(f) the supremum of this norm. We give estimates of this quantity K(f) both for an individual function and for sequences of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-12-18 Matthew Barrett , Alexandre Eremenko

We discuss some examples that illustrate the countability of the positive rational numbers and related sets. Techniques include radix representations, Godel numbering, the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, continued fractions, Egyptian…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David M. Bradley

A natural connection between rational functions of several real or complex variables, and subspace collections is explored. A new class of function, superfunctions, are introduced which are the counterpart to functions at the level of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-02-23 Graeme W. Milton

This paper focuses on the problem of reconstructing a vector of rational functions given some evaluations, or more generally given their remainders modulo different polynomials. The special case of rational functions sharing the same…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Eleonora Guerrini , Romain Lebreton , Ilaria Zappatore

We give explicit and asymptotic lower bounds for the quantity $|e^{s/t}-M/N|$ by studying a generalized continued fraction expansion of $e^{s/t}$. In cases $|s|\geq 3$ we improve existing results by extracting a large common factor from the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-09-23 Kalle Leppälä , Tapani Matala-aho , Topi Törmä

Consider a sequence of real-valued functions of a real variable given by a homogeneous linear recursion with differentiable coefficients. We show that if the functions in the sequence are differentiable, then the sequence of derivatives…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-05 Dávid Papp , Kolos Csaba Ágoston

We compute the exact irrationality exponents of certain series of rational numbers, first studied in a special case by Hone, by transforming them into suitable continued fractions.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-03 Daniel Duverney , Takeshi Kurosawa , Iekata Shiokawa

We find all polynomials f,g,h over a field K such that g and h are linear and f(g(x))=h(f(x)). We also solve the same problem for rational functions f,g,h, in case the field K is algebraically closed.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-06-09 Ariane M. Masuda , Michael E. Zieve

We derive modular parametrizations for certain infinite series whose summands involve central binomial coefficients and higher-order harmonic numbers. When the rates of convergence are certain rational numbers, modularity allows us to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Zhi-Wei Sun , Yajun Zhou

Finite (word) state transducers extend finite state automata by defining a binary relation over finite words, called rational relation. If the rational relation is the graph of a function, this function is said to be rational. The class of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Emmanuel Filiot , Ismaël Jecker , Khushraj Madnani , Saina Sunny

We study a new notion of reduction between structures called enumerable functors related to the recently investigated notion of computable functors. Our main result shows that enumerable functors and effective interpretability with the…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-08-11 Dino Rossegger

We continue to investigate which polynomials can possibly occur as factors in the denominators of rational solutions of a given partial linear difference equation. In an earlier article we had introduced the distinction between periodic and…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2011-01-17 Manuel Kauers , Carsten Schneider

A rational function is the ratio of two complex polynomials in one variable without common roots. Its degree is the maximum of the degrees of the numerator and the denominator. Rational functions belong to the same class if one turns into…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 I. Scherbak

The differential-reduction algorithm, which allows one to express generalized hypergeometric functions with parameters of arbitrary values in terms of such functions with parameters whose values differ from the original ones by integers, is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-05-19 Vladimir V. Bytev , Mikhail Yu. Kalmykov , Bernd A. Kniehl

We construct a new scheme of approximation of any multivalued algebraic function $f(z)$ by a sequence $\{r_{n}(z)\}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ of rational functions. The latter sequence is generated by a recurrence relation which is completely…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Julius Borcea , Rikard Bögvad , Boris Shapiro

We introduce higher $F$-rationality generalising $F$-rationality. We prove that a normal variety over a field of characteristic zero is $m$-rational if and only if it is $m$-$F$-rational after reduction modulo a sufficiently large prime…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Tatsuro Kawakami , Jakub Witaszek