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The drug development process necessitates that pharmacologists undertake various tasks, such as reviewing literature, formulating hypotheses, designing experiments, and interpreting results. Each stage requires accessing and querying vast…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Hong Lu , Chuan Li , Yinheng Li , Jie Zhao

Active learning (AL) accelerates scientific discovery by prioritizing the most informative experiments, but traditional machine learning (ML) models used in AL suffer from cold-start limitations and domain-specific feature engineering,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Hongchen Wang , Rafael Espinosa Castañeda , Jay R. Werber , Yao Fehlis , Edward Kim , Jason Hattrick-Simpers

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used across various scenarios due to their exceptional reasoning capabilities and natural language understanding. While LLMs demonstrate strong performance in tasks involving mathematics and coding,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xinyi Liu , Lipeng Ma , Yixuan Li , Weidong Yang , Qingyuan Zhou , Jiayi Song , Shuhao Li , Ben Fei

Chemputation is the process of programming chemical robots to do experiments using a universal symbolic language, but the literature can be error prone and hard to read due to ambiguities. Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Sebastian Pagel , Michael Jirasek , Leroy Cronin

Artificial intelligence has dramatically reshaped our interaction with digital technologies, ushering in an era where advancements in AI algorithms and Large Language Models (LLMs) have natural language processing (NLP) systems like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Masoumeh Farhadi Nia , Mohsen Ahmadi , Elyas Irankhah

Molecular property prediction and generative design via deep learning models has been the subject of intense research given its potential to accelerate development of new, high-performance materials. More recently, these workflows have been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Nathaniel H. Park , Tiffany J. Callahan , James L. Hedrick , Tim Erdmann , Sara Capponi

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have gained considerable interest across diverse research communities. Their notable ability for text completion and generation has inaugurated a novel paradigm for language-interfaced problem…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-22 Hengchuang Yin , Zhonghui Gu , Fanhao Wang , Yiparemu Abuduhaibaier , Yanqiao Zhu , Xinming Tu , Xian-Sheng Hua , Xiao Luo , Yizhou Sun

The development of automated experimental facilities and the digitization of experimental data have introduced numerous opportunities to radically advance chemical laboratories. As many laboratory tasks involve predicting and understanding…

The increasing volume of drug combinations in modern therapeutic regimens needs reliable methods for predicting drug-drug interactions (DDIs). While Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized various domains, their potential in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Gabriele De Vito , Filomena Ferrucci , Athanasios Angelakis

Large Language Models (LLMs) have substantially driven scientific progress in various domains, and many papers have demonstrated their ability to tackle complex problems with creative solutions. Our paper introduces a new foundation model,…

Large language models have emerged as a promising approach towards achieving general-purpose AI agents. The thriving open-source LLM community has greatly accelerated the development of agents that support human-machine dialogue interaction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Zhenfei Yin , Jiong Wang , Jianjian Cao , Zhelun Shi , Dingning Liu , Mukai Li , Lu Sheng , Lei Bai , Xiaoshui Huang , Zhiyong Wang , Jing Shao , Wanli Ouyang

The integration of artificial intelligence into various domains is rapidly increasing, with Large Language Models (LLMs) becoming more prevalent in numerous applications. This work is included in an overall project which aims to train an…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-01-09 Christophe Bajan , Guillaume Lambard

Large Language Models (LLMs) are advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems that have undergone extensive training using large datasets in order to understand and produce language that closely resembles that of humans. These models have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Alessio Buscemi

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated rapid progress across a wide array of domains. Owing to the very large number of parameters and training data in LLMs, these models inherently encompass an expansive and comprehensive materials…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-11-20 Siyu Liu , Tongqi Wen , A. S. L. Subrahmanyam Pattamatta , David J. Srolovitz

To enhance large language models (LLMs) for chemistry problem solving, several LLM-based agents augmented with tools have been proposed, such as ChemCrow and Coscientist. However, their evaluations are narrow in scope, leaving a large gap…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Botao Yu , Frazier N. Baker , Ziru Chen , Garrett Herb , Boyu Gou , Daniel Adu-Ampratwum , Xia Ning , Huan Sun

Large-scale language models (LLMs) have emerged as a groundbreaking innovation in the realm of question-answering and conversational agents. These models, leveraging different deep learning architectures such as Transformers, are trained on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Fardin Ahsan Sakib , Saadat Hasan Khan , A. H. M. Rezaul Karim

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable progress in encoding clinical knowledge and responding to complex medical queries with appropriate clinical reasoning. However, their applicability in subspecialist or complex medical…

For centuries, researchers have sought out ways to connect disparate areas of knowledge. While early scholars (Galileo, da Vinci, etc.) were experts across fields, specialization has taken hold later. With the advent of Artificial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Markus J. Buehler

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly transforming materials science. This review examines recent LLM applications across the materials discovery pipeline, focusing on three key areas: mining scientific literature , predictive modelling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Fengxu Yang , Weitong Chen , Jack D. Evans

In recent years, groundbreaking advancements in natural language processing have culminated in the emergence of powerful large language models (LLMs), which have showcased remarkable capabilities across a vast array of domains, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Microsoft Research AI4Science , Microsoft Azure Quantum
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