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Classical computing is beginning to encounter fundamental limits of energy efficiency. This presents a challenge that can no longer be solved by strategies such as increasing circuit density or refining standard semiconductor processes. The…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Keshava Katti , Pratik Chaudhari , Deep Jariwala

For decades, advances in electronics were directly driven by the scaling of CMOS transistors according to Moore's law. However, both the CMOS scaling and the classical computer architecture are approaching fundamental and practical limits,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-07-21 Mohammed A. Zidan , YeonJoo Jeong , Jong Hong Shin , Chao Du , Zhengya Zhang , Wei D. Lu

Various wireless sensor network applications involve the computation of a pre-defined function of the measurements without the need for reconstructing each individual sensor reading. Widely-considered examples of such functions include the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-16 Mario Goldenbaum , Sławomir Stańczak

Characteristic mode (CM) analysis poses challenges in computational electromagnetics (CEM) as it calls for efficient solutions of dense generalized eigenvalue problems (GEP). Multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) can greatly reduce…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-12-10 Qi I. Dai , Jun Wei Wu , Ling Ling Meng , Weng Cho Chew , Wei E. I. Sha

Decades after being replaced with digital platforms, analogue computing has experienced a surging interest following developments in metamaterials and intricate fabrication techniques. Specifically, wave-based analogue computers which…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-12-24 Mohamed Mousa , Mostafa Nouh

This paper presents an analysis of the fundamental limits on energy efficiency in both digital and analog in-memory computing architectures, and compares their performance to single instruction, single data (scalar) machines specifically in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Patrick Bowen , Guy Regev , Nir Regev , Bruno Pedroni , Edward Hanson , Yiran Chen

In-memory computing is a promising alternative to traditional computer designs, as it helps overcome performance limits caused by the separation of memory and processing units. However, many current approaches struggle with unreliable…

Analog computing based on memristor technology is a promising solution to accelerating the inference phase of deep neural networks (DNNs). A fundamental problem is to map an arbitrary matrix to a memristor crossbar array (MCA) while…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Baogang Zhang , Necati Uysal , Deliang Fan , Rickard Ewetz

Resistive random-access memory (RRAM) provides an excellent platform for analog matrix computing (AMC), enabling both matrix-vector multiplication (MVM) and the solution of matrix equations through open-loop and closed-loop circuit…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-05 Pushen Zuo , Zhong Sun

The rising computational demand of modern workloads has renewed interest in energy-efficient paradigms such as neuromorphic and analog computing. A fundamental operation in these systems is matrix-vector multiplication (MVM), ubiquitous in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Caio Silva , Giuseppe Romano

Always-on AI applications, from environmental sensors to biomedical implants, require ultra-low power consumption. Analog circuits offer a path to sub-microwatt inference, yet existing analog implementations are limited to feedforward…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Arthur Fyon , Julien Brandoit , Loris Mendolia , Damien Ernst , Jean-Michel Redouté , Guillaume Drion

The next generations of wireless networks are envisioned to integrate communications, sensing, and computing into a unified platform, demanding ultra-high data rates, submillisecond latency, and unprecedented energy efficiency. However,…

The MWA is a next-generation radio interferometer under construction in remote Western Australia. The data rate from the correlator makes storing the raw data infeasible, so the data must be processed in real-time. The processing task is of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-02-06 S. Ord , L. Greenhill , R. Wayth , D. Mitchell , K. Dale , H. Pfister , R. G. Edgar

The rapidly increasing demands for computational throughput, bandwidth, and memory capacity fueled by breakthroughs in machine learning pose substantial challenges for conventional electronic computing platforms. For digital scaling to keep…

Computationally intensive Inference tasks of Deep neural networks have enforced revolution of new accelerator architecture to reduce power consumption as well as latency. The key figure of merit in hardware inference accelerators is the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Hyunbin Park , Dohyun Kim , Shiho Kim

The ability to perform mathematical computations using metastructures is an emergent paradigm that carries the potential of wave-based analog computing to the realm of near-speed-of-light, low-loss, compact devices. We theoretically…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Dimitrios C. Tzarouchis , Brian Edwards , Nader Engheta

As neural computation is revolutionizing the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), rethinking the ideal neural hardware is becoming the next frontier. Fast and reliable von Neumann architecture has been the hosting platform for neural…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Yigit Demirag

Hybrid analog and digital beamforming has emerged as a key enabling technology for millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems since it can balance the trade-off between system performance…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-11 Pengfei Ni , Rang Liu , Ming Li , Qian Liu

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) hybrid analog-digital beamforming is a promising approach to satisfy the low-latency constraint in multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) systems, which serve as network infrastructure for flexible deployment.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Hsiao-Lan Chiang , Kwang-Cheng Chen , Wolfgang Rave , Mostafa Khalili Marandi , Gerhard Fettweis

Digital computers have been getting exponentially faster for decades, but huge challenges exist today. Transistor scaling, described by Moore's law, has been slowing down over the last few years, ending the era of fully predictable…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Adnan Mehonic , Dovydas Joksas
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