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Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have a low radioactivity, compact geometry, low operation voltage, and reasonable photo-detection efficiency for vacuum ultraviolet light (VUV). Therefore it has the potential to replace photomultiplier…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-03-24 K. Ozaki , S. Kazama , M. Yamashita , Y. Itow , S. Moriyama

The application of silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) technology for weak-light detection at a single photon level has expanded thanks to its better photon detection efficiency in comparison to a conventional photomultiplier tube (PMT). SiPMs…

In this work we study the performance of silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) light sensors after exposure to the JULIC cyclotron proton beam, of energy $\sim$ 39 MeV, relative to their performance before exposure. The SiPM devices used in this…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-11-19 Tamer Tolba , Dieter Grzonka , Thomas Sefzick , James Ritman

We demonstrate an efficient photon number detector for visible wavelengths using a silicon avalanche photodiode. Under subnanosecond gating, the device is able to resolve up to four photons in an incident optical pulse. The detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-21 O. Thomas , Z. L. Yuan , J. F. Dynes , A. W. Sharpe , A. J. Shields

In our Ultra-Fast Astronomy (UFA) program, we aim to improve measurements of variability of astronomical targets on millisecond and shorter time scales. In this work, we present initial on-sky measurements of the performance of silicon…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-18 Albert Wai Kit Lau , Mehdi Shafiee , George F. Smoot , Bruce Grossan , Siyang Li , Zhanat Maksut

In this article we describe the photon detection readout electronics for the nEDM@SNS experiment. The chosen "photon counting" architecture, which utilizes high-efficiency silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) and is appropriate for low-light…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-09-28 V. Cianciolo , Yu. V. Efremenko , L. Fabris , S. K. Imam , S. I. Penttila J. C. Ramsey , R. Santos Estrada

The gain-voltage dependence for SiPMs from V. Chmill et al., Study of the breakdown voltage of SiPMs, is reanalyzed and a non-linearity at the sub-percent level is observed. Simulations show that he non-linearity can be explained by the…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-03-31 M. Antonello , L. Brinkmann , E. Garutti , R. Klanner , J. Schwandt

Sensitive avalanche photodetectors (APDs) that operate within the ultraviolet spectrum are critically required for applications in detecting fire and deep-space exploration. However, the development of such devices faces significant…

Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) are semiconductor-based photo-detectors with performances similar to the traditional Photo-Multiplier Tubes (PMTs). An increasing number of experiments dedicated to particle detection in colliders,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-12-30 P. W. Cattaneo , A. Menegolli , M. C. Prata , G. L. Raselli , M. Rossella

A Pixelized Photon Detector (PPD) is a generic name for the semiconductor devices operated in the Geiger-mode, such as Silicon PhotoMultiplier and Multi-Pixel Photon Counter, which has high photon counting capability. While the internal…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-11-13 H. Otono , H. Oide , S. Yamashita , T. Yoshioka

We demonstrate the importance and utility of Monte Carlo simulation of single-photon detectors. Devising an optimal simulation is strongly influenced by the particular application because of the complexity of modern, avalanche-diode-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-14 Mario Stipčević , Daniel J. Gauthier

Afterpulsing is one of the main technological flaws present in photon counting detectors based on solid-state semiconductor avalanche photodiodes operated in Geiger mode. Level of afterpulsing depends mainly on type of the semiconductor,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-05-19 Mario Stipčević

Number-resolving single photon detectors are essential for the implementation of numerous innovative quantum information schemes. While several number-discriminating techniques have been previously presented, the Silicon Photo-Multiplier…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 L. Dovrat , M. Bakstein , D. Istrati , H. S. Eisenberg

A Python program has been developed which fits a published detector-response model to SiPM charge spectra to characterise SiPMs. Spectra for SiPMs illuminated by low intensity pulsed light with Poisson-distributed number of photons and a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-01-30 Jack Rolph , Erika Garutti , Robert Klanner , Tobias Quadfasel , Joern Schwandt

The Light-only Liquid Xenon experiment (LoLX) employs a small-scale detector equipped with 96 Hamamatsu VUV4 silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) submerged in 5 kg of liquid xenon (LXe) to perform characterization measurements of light…

We present a gated silicon single photon detector based on a commercially available avalanche photodiode. Our detector achieves a photon detection efficiency of 45\pm5% at 808 nm with 2x 10^-6 dark count per ns at -30V of excess bias and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-11 T. Lunghi , E. Pomarico , C. Barreiro , D. Stucki , B. Sanguinetti , H. Zbinden

We present a 'digital SiPM' photo-detection chip combining single photon sensitive avalanche photo diodes and CMOS readout electronics on a single die. The chip has a size of $8046\times9032\,\mu m^2$ with $72.5\%$ of photo sensitive area.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-01-27 Peter Fischer , Michael Keller , Michael Ritzert

Characterization measurements of $25~\mathrm{\mu m} \times 25~\mathrm{\mu m}$ pitch 3D silicon sensors are performed, for devices with active thickness of $150~\mu$m. Evidence of charge multiplication caused by impact ionization below the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-11-19 Andrew Gentry , Maurizio Boscardin , Martin Hoeferkamp , Marco Povoli , Sally Seidel , Jiahe Si , Gian-Franco Dalla Betta

Integrated quantum photonics, which allows for the development and implementation of chip-scale devices, is recognized as a key enabling technology on the road towards scalable quantum networking schemes. However, many state-of-the-art…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-10-18 Salih Yanikgonul , Victor Leong , Jun Rong Ong , Ching Eng Png , Leonid Krivitsky

Radiation-hard silicon sensors used in high-energy physics require a high electric field and are susceptible to surface breakdown. This study aims to improve the understanding of the underlying mechanisms by developing new methods to probe…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-05-21 Ingo Bloch , Ben Bruers , Heiko Lacker , Peilin Li , Ilona Ninca , Christian Scharf