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Reinforcement Learning from human feedback (RLHF) has been shown a promising direction for aligning generative models with human intent and has also been explored in recent works for alignment of diffusion generative models. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Hanyang Zhao , Haoxian Chen , Ji Zhang , David D. Yao , Wenpin Tang

Optimizing a text-to-image diffusion model with a given reward function is an important but underexplored research area. In this study, we propose Deep Reward Tuning (DRTune), an algorithm that directly supervises the final output image of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Xiaoshi Wu , Yiming Hao , Manyuan Zhang , Keqiang Sun , Zhaoyang Huang , Guanglu Song , Yu Liu , Hongsheng Li

Data attribution for text-to-image models aims to identify the training images that most significantly influenced a generated output. Existing attribution methods involve considerable computational resources for each query, making them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Sheng-Yu Wang , Aaron Hertzmann , Alexei A Efros , Richard Zhang , Jun-Yan Zhu

Large-scale text-to-image models have demonstrated amazing ability to synthesize diverse and high-fidelity images. However, these models are often violated by several limitations. Firstly, they require the user to provide precise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Yupei Lin , Sen Zhang , Xiaojun Yang , Xiao Wang , Yukai Shi

Taking advantage of the many recent advances in deep learning, text-to-image generative models currently have the merit of attracting the general public attention. Two of these models, DALL-E 2 and Imagen, have demonstrated that highly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Robin Zbinden

Recent advancements in diffusion models have significantly impacted the trajectory of generative machine learning research, with many adopting the strategy of fine-tuning pre-trained models using domain-specific text-to-image datasets.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Mischa Dombrowski , Hadrien Reynaud , Johanna P. Müller , Matthew Baugh , Bernhard Kainz

In this paper, we presents a novel method for improving text-to-image generation by combining Large Language Models (LLMs) with diffusion models, a hybrid approach aimed at achieving both higher quality and efficiency in image synthesis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Julian Perry , Frank Sanders , Carter Scott

In this paper, we make the first attempt to align diffusion models for image inpainting with human aesthetic standards via a reinforcement learning framework, significantly improving the quality and visual appeal of inpainted images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Kendong Liu , Zhiyu Zhu , Chuanhao Li , Hui Liu , Huanqiang Zeng , Junhui Hou

Robotic control policies learned from human demonstrations have achieved impressive results in many real-world applications. However, in scenarios where initial performance is not satisfactory, as is often the case in novel open-world…

Given the inherent non-stationarity prevalent in real-world applications, continual Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims to equip the agent with the capability to address a series of sequentially presented decision-making tasks. Within this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Feng Chen , Fuguang Han , Cong Guan , Lei Yuan , Zhilong Zhang , Yang Yu , Zongzhang Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been effective for post-training autoregressive (AR) language models, but extending these methods to diffusion language models (DLMs) is challenging due to intractable sequence-level likelihoods. Existing…

Diffusion and flow models achieve State-Of-The-Art (SOTA) generative performance, yet many practically important behaviors such as fine-grained prompt fidelity, compositional correctness, and text rendering are weakly specified by score or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yuanzhi Zhu , Xi Wang , Stéphane Lathuilière , Vicky Kalogeiton

Recent advances in diffusion models have led to impressive image generation capabilities, but aligning these models with human preferences remains challenging. Reward-based fine-tuning using models trained on human feedback improves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Dmitrii Sorokin , Maksim Nakhodnov , Andrey Kuznetsov , Aibek Alanov

Controlled text generation tasks such as unsupervised text style transfer have increasingly adopted the use of Reinforcement Learning (RL). A major challenge in applying RL to such tasks is the sparse reward, which is available only after…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Bhargav Upadhyay , Akhilesh Sudhakar , Arjun Maheswaran

The recent wave of large-scale text-to-image diffusion models has dramatically increased our text-based image generation abilities. These models can generate realistic images for a staggering variety of prompts and exhibit impressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Alexander C. Li , Mihir Prabhudesai , Shivam Duggal , Ellis Brown , Deepak Pathak

Fine-tuning foundation models via reinforcement learning (RL) has proven promising for aligning to downstream objectives. In the case of diffusion models (DMs), though RL training improves alignment from early timesteps, critical issues…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-14 Roberto Barceló , Cristóbal Alcázar , Felipe Tobar

Aligning text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models with human preferences has emerged as a critical research challenge. While recent advances in this area have extended preference optimization techniques from large language models (LLMs) to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Junyong Kang , Seohyun Lim , Kyungjune Baek , Hyunjung Shim

Large language models (LLMs) are fine-tuned using human comparison data with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) methods to make them better aligned with users' preferences. In contrast to LLMs, human preference learning has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Bram Wallace , Meihua Dang , Rafael Rafailov , Linqi Zhou , Aaron Lou , Senthil Purushwalkam , Stefano Ermon , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty , Nikhil Naik

Diffusion models are widely used for generative tasks across domains. Given a pre-trained diffusion model, it is often desirable to fine-tune it further either to correct for errors in learning or to align with downstream applications.…

Diffusion models (DMs) have recently gained attention with state-of-the-art performance in text-to-image synthesis. Abiding by the tradition in deep learning, DMs are trained and evaluated on the images with fixed sizes. However, users are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Zhiyu Jin , Xuli Shen , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue