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In this paper, we introduce a Learning Assisted Side Channel delay Analysis (LASCA) methodology for Hardware Trojan detection. Our proposed solution, unlike the prior art, does not require a Golden IC. Instead, it trains a Neural Network to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Ashkan Vakil , Farnaz Behnia , Ali Mirzaeian , Houman Homayoun , Naghmeh Karimi , Avesta Sasan

A major security threat to an integrated circuit (IC) design is the Hardware Trojan attack which is a malicious modification of the design. Previously several papers have investigated into side-channel analysis to detect the presence of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Samir R Katte , Keith E Fernandez

Hardware Trojans have drawn the attention of academia, industry and government agencies. Effective detection mechanisms and countermeasures against such malicious designs can only be developed when there is a deep understanding of how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Samaneh Ghandali , Thorben Moos , Amir Moradi , Christof Paar

Always-on hardware Trojans pose a serious challenge to integrated circuit trust, as they remain active during normal operation and are difficult to detect in post-deployment settings without trusted golden references. This paper presents a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Mahsa Tahghigh , Hassan Salmani

Cyber-physical systems rely on sensors, communication, and computing, all powered by integrated circuits (ICs). ICs are largely susceptible to various hardware attacks with malicious intents. One of the stealthiest threats is the insertion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Sefatun-Noor Puspa , Abyad Enan , Reek Majumdar , M Sabbir Salek , Gurcan Comert , Mashrur Chowdhury

Always-on hardware Trojans (HTs) pose a critical risk to trusted microelectronics, yet most side-channel detection methods rely on unavailable golden references. We present a reference-free approach that combines time-frequency EM analysis…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Mahsa Tahghigh , Hassan Salmani

The globalized semiconductor supply chain has made Hardware Trojans (HT) a significant security threat to embedded systems, necessitating the design of efficient and adaptable detection mechanisms. Despite promising machine learning-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Zhixin Pan , Ziyu Shu , Linh Nguyen , Amberbir Alemayoh

Hardware Trojans (HTs) threaten the trust and reliability of integrated circuits (ICs), particularly when triggered HTs remain dormant during standard testing and activate only under rare conditions. Existing electromagnetic (EM)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Mahsa Tahghigh , Hassan Salmani

Hardware Trojan detection and protection is becoming more crucial as more untrusted third parties manufacture many parts of critical systems nowadays. The most common way to detect hardware Trojans is comparing the untrusted design with a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-11-06 Amr Alanwar , Mona A. Aboelnaga , Yousra Alkabani , M. Watheq El-Kharashi , Hassan Bedour

Hardware security has risen in prominence in recent years with concerns stemming from a globalizing semiconductor supply chain and increased third-party IP (intellectual property) usage. Trojan detection is of paramount importance for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Dillon Staub , Rashmi Jha , David Kapp

The commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) component based ecosystem provides an attractive system design paradigm due to the drastic reduction in development time and cost compared to custom solutions. However, it brings in a growing concern of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Mahmudul Hasan , Jonathan Cruz , Prabuddha Chakraborty , Swarup Bhunia , Tamzidul Hoque

The threat of hardware Trojans (HTs) and their detection is a widely studied field. While the effort for inserting a Trojan into an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) can be considered relatively high, especially when trusting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Thilo Krachenfels , Jean-Pierre Seifert , Shahin Tajik

There are increasing concerns about possible malicious modifications of integrated circuits (ICs) used in critical applications. Such attacks are often referred to as hardware Trojans. While many techniques focus on hardware Trojan…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Tony F. Wu , Karthik Ganesan , Yunqing Alexander Hu , H. -S. Philip Wong , Simon Wong , Subhasish Mitra

Due to the ever-growing demands for electronic chips in different sectors the semiconductor companies have been mandated to offshore their manufacturing processes. This unwanted matter has made security and trustworthiness of their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Md Mahfuz Al Hasan , Mohammad Tahsin Mostafiz , Thomas An Le , Jake Julia , Nidish Vashistha , Shayan Taheri , Navid Asadizanjani

Semiconductor design houses are increasingly becoming dependent on third party vendors to procure intellectual property (IP) and meet time-to-market constraints. However, these third party IPs cannot be trusted as hardware Trojans can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Adib Nahiyan , Mehdi Sadi , Rahul Vittal , Gustavo Contreras , Domenic Forte , Mark Tehranipoor

Side Channel Analysis (SCA) relaxes the black-box assumption of conventional cryptanalysis by incorporating physical measurements acquired during cryptographic operations. Electro-magnetic (EM) emissions of a chip during computations often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Elie Bursztein , Michael Gruber , Karel Král , Jean-Michel Picod , Matthias Probst , Georg Sigl

Timely detection of Hardware Trojans (HTs) has become a major challenge for secure integrated circuits. We present a run-time methodology for HT detection that employs a multi-parameter statistical traffic modeling of the communication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Faiq Khalid , Syed Rafay Hasan , Osman Hasan , Muhammad Shafique

Analog and mixed-signal (A/MS) integrated circuits (ICs) are crucial in modern electronics, playing key roles in signal processing, amplification, sensing, and power management. Many IC companies outsource manufacturing to third-party…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Jayeeta Chaudhuri , Dhruv Thapar , Arjun Chaudhuri , Farshad Firouzi , Krishnendu Chakrabarty

As the semiconductor industry has shifted to a fabless paradigm, the risk of hardware Trojans being inserted at various stages of production has also increased. Recently, there has been a growing trend toward the use of machine learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Rahul Vishwakarma , Amin Rezaei

With the globalization of the semiconductor manufacturing process, electronic devices are powerless against malicious modification of hardware in the supply chain. The ever-increasing threat of hardware Trojan attacks against integrated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Kyle Worley , Md Tauhidur Rahman
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