Related papers: Ground and Excited States from Ensemble Variationa…
Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) provides a lucrative platform to determine molecular energetics in near-term quantum devices. While the VQE is traditionally tailored to determine the ground state wavefunction with the underlying…
We employ a generalized variational principle to improve the stability, reliability, and precision of fully excited-state-specific complete active space self-consistent field theory. Compared to previous approaches that similarly seek to…
We present a generalization of the variational principle that is compatible with any Hamiltonian eigenstate that can be specified uniquely by a list of properties. This variational principle appears to be compatible with a wide range of…
We propose and work out a reduced density matrix functional theory (RDMFT) for calculating energies of eigenstates of interacting many-electron systems beyond the ground state. Various obstacles which historically have doomed such an…
Early work extending the Kohn-Sham theory to excited states utilized an ensemble average of the Hamiltonian considered as a functional of the corresponding average density. We propose and develop an alternative that utilizes the matrix…
We show that the numerical results contained in a recent paper are affected by a non optimal implementation of the methods which have been used to obtain these results. A careful analysis done using the Rayleigh-Ritz method provides a…
Determining quantum excited states is crucial across physics and chemistry but presents significant challenges for variational methods, primarily due to the need to enforce orthogonality to lower-energy states, often requiring…
In [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 023001 (2021)] a reduced density matrix functional theory (RDMFT) has been proposed for calculating energies of selected eigenstates of interacting many-fermion systems. Here, we develop a solid foundation for this…
Variational approaches, such as variational Monte Carlo (VMC) or the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), are powerful techniques to tackle the ground-state many-electron problem. Often, the family of variational states is not invariant…
Following a recent work [E. Fromager, J. Phys. Chem. A 2025, 129, 4, 1143-1155] on the ensemble density functional theory (DFT) of excited electronic energy levels, we derive in this paper the ensuing static linear response theory, thus…
Gross-Oliveira-Kohn density-functional theory (GOK-DFT) for ensembles is the DFT analog of state-averaged wavefunction-based (SA-WF) methods. In GOK-DFT, the state-averaged (so-called ensemble) exchange-correlation (xc) energy is described…
It is observed that the exact interacting ground-state electronic energy of interest may be obtained directly, in principle, as a simple sum of orbital energies when a universal density-dependent term is added to $w\left(\left[ \rho…
We combine recent advances in excited state variational principles, fast multi-Slater Jastrow methods, and selective configuration interaction to create multi-Slater Jastrow wave function approximations that are optimized for individual…
A new method for extracting ensemble Kohn-Sham potentials from accurate excited state densities is applied to a variety of two electron systems, exploring the behavior of exact ensemble density functional theory. The issue of separating the…
A Kohn-Sham density-functional energy expression is derived for any (ground or excited) state within a given many-electron ensemble along with the stationarity condition it fulfills with respect to the ensemble density, thus giving access…
Accurate modeling of warm and hot dense matter is challenging in part due to the multitude of excited states that must be considered. In thermal density functional theory, these excited states are averaged over to produce a single,…
The distribution of eigenvalues of N times N random matrices in the limit N to infinity is the solution to a variational principle that determines the ground state energy of a confined fluid of classical unit charges. This fact is a…
Recent progress in the field of (time-independent) ensemble density-functional theory (DFT) for excited states are reviewed. Both Gross-Oliveira-Kohn (GOK) and $N$-centered ensemble formalisms, which are mathematically very similar and…
We give a simple proof of the well known fact that the approximate eigenvalues provided by the Rayleigh-Ritz variational method are increasingly accurate upper bounds to the exact ones. To this end, we resort to the variational principle,…
Density functional theory can be extended to excited states by means of a unified variational approach for passive state ensembles. This extension overcomes the restriction of the typical density functional approach to ground states, and…