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Recent advances in speech foundation models are largely driven by scaling both model size and data, enabling them to perform a wide range of tasks, including speech recognition. Traditionally, ASR models are evaluated using metrics like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Abdul Waheed , Hanin Atwany , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

This paper investigates the use of unsupervised text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) as a data augmentation method to improve accented speech recognition. TTS systems are trained with a small amount of accented speech training data and their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Cong-Thanh Do , Shuhei Imai , Rama Doddipatla , Thomas Hain

We propose a self-refining framework that enhances ASR performance with only unlabeled datasets. The process starts with an existing ASR model generating pseudo-labels on unannotated speech, which are then used to train a high-fidelity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Cheng-Kang Chou , Chan-Jan Hsu , Ho-Lam Chung , Liang-Hsuan Tseng , Hsi-Chun Cheng , Yu-Kuan Fu , Kuan Po Huang , Hung-Yi Lee

Text to speech (TTS) and automatic speech recognition (ASR) are two dual tasks in speech processing and both achieve impressive performance thanks to the recent advance in deep learning and large amount of aligned speech and text data.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-28 Yi Ren , Xu Tan , Tao Qin , Sheng Zhao , Zhou Zhao , Tie-Yan Liu

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) can reduce the need for large labelled datasets by incorporating unlabelled data into the training. This is particularly interesting for semantic segmentation, where labelling data is very costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Sebastian Scherer , Robin Schön , Rainer Lienhart

Self-supervised learning (SSL) foundation models have emerged as powerful, domain-agnostic, general-purpose feature extractors applicable to a wide range of tasks. Such models pre-trained on human speech have demonstrated high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Eklavya Sarkar , Mathew Magimai. -Doss

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) training can utilize multiple experts as teacher models, each trained on a specific domain or accent. Teacher models may be opaque in nature since their architecture may be not be known or their training…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-29 Aakriti Agrawal , Milind Rao , Anit Kumar Sahu , Gopinath Chennupati , Andreas Stolcke

Semi-supervised learning has demonstrated promising results in automatic speech recognition (ASR) by self-training using a seed ASR model with pseudo-labels generated for unlabeled data. The effectiveness of this approach largely relies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Niko Moritz , Takaaki Hori , Jonathan Le Roux

Recent advances in semi-supervised learning have shown tremendous potential in overcoming a major barrier to the success of modern machine learning algorithms: access to vast amounts of human-labeled training data. Previous algorithms based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Phi Vu Tran

Deep learning models trained in a supervised setting have revolutionized audio and speech processing. However, their performance inherently depends on the quantity of human-annotated data, making them costly to scale and prone to poor…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-12 Theo Lepage , Reda Dehak

The common standard for quality evaluation of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems is reference-based metrics such as the Word Error Rate (WER), computed using manual ground-truth transcriptions that are time-consuming and expensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Kamer Ali Yuksel , Thiago Ferreira , Ahmet Gunduz , Mohamed Al-Badrashiny , Golara Javadi

Training deep neural networks for automatic speech recognition (ASR) requires large amounts of transcribed speech. This becomes a bottleneck for training robust models for accented speech which typically contains high variability in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-11 Nilaksh Das , Sravan Bodapati , Monica Sunkara , Sundararajan Srinivasan , Duen Horng Chau

3D Referring Expression Segmentation (3D-RES) typically requires extensive instance-level annotations, which are time-consuming and costly. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) mitigates this by using limited labeled data alongside abundant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Wenxin Chen , Mengxue Qu , Weitai Kang , Yan Yan , Yao Zhao , Yunchao Wei

Discrete speech representations have garnered recent attention for their efficacy in training transformer-based models for various speech-related tasks such as automatic speech recognition (ASR), translation, speaker verification, and joint…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-26 Kunal Dhawan , Nithin Rao Koluguri , Ante Jukić , Ryan Langman , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Dual learning is a paradigm for semi-supervised machine learning that seeks to leverage unsupervised data by solving two opposite tasks at once. In this scheme, each model is used to generate pseudo-labels for unlabeled examples that are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Cal Peyser , Ronny Huang , Tara Sainath , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Michael Picheny , Kyunghyun Cho

Error correction techniques have been used to refine the output sentences from automatic speech recognition (ASR) models and achieve a lower word error rate (WER). Previous works usually adopt end-to-end models and has strong dependency on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Jiaxin Guo , Minghan Wang , Xiaosong Qiao , Daimeng Wei , Hengchao Shang , Zongyao Li , Zhengzhe Yu , Yinglu Li , Chang Su , Min Zhang , Shimin Tao , Hao Yang

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems exhibit the best performance on speech that is similar to that on which it was trained. As such, underrepresented varieties including regional dialects, minority-speakers, and low-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Emma O'Neill , Julie Carson-Berndsen

Scores from traditional confidence classifiers (CCs) in automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems lack universal interpretation and vary with updates to the underlying confidence or acoustic models (AMs). In this work, we build…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-02 Amber Afshan , Kshitiz Kumar , Jian Wu

As a promising non-password authentication technology, radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting can greatly improve wireless security. Recent work has shown that RF fingerprinting based on deep learning can significantly outperform conventional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-01 Weidong Wang , Cheng Luo , Jiancheng An , Lu Gan , Hongshu Liao , Chau Yuen

This work presents self-supervised learning methods for developing monaural speaker-specific (i.e., personalized) speech enhancement models. While generalist models must broadly address many speakers, specialist models can adapt their…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-28 Aswin Sivaraman , Minje Kim