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A concept of the ground-based optical astronomical observations efficiency is considered in this paper. We believe that a telescope efficiency can be increased by properly allocating observation tasks with respect to the current environment…
We present a revision to the astrometric calibration of the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI), an instrument designed to achieve the high contrast at small angular separations necessary to image substellar and planetary-mass companions around…
We consider the standard problem of observational astronomy, i.e. the observations of light emission from a distant region of spacetime in general relativity. The goal is to describe the changes between the measurements of the light…
The Gaia DR2 catalog released in 2018 gives information about more than one billion stars, including their extremely precise positions that are not affected by the atmosphere, as well as the magnitudes in the G, RP, and BP passbands. This…
In the conventional change detection (CD) pipeline, two manually registered and labeled remote sensing datasets serve as the input of the model for training and prediction. However, in realistic scenarios, data from different periods or…
Most distortion correction methods focus on simple forms of distortion, such as radial or linear distortions. These works undistort images either based on measurements in the presence of a calibration grid, or use multiple views to find…
Gradient descent (GD) is a collection of continuous optimization methods that have achieved immeasurable success in practice. Owing to data science applications, GD with diminishing step sizes has become a prominent variant. While this…
The off-axis location of the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) is the chief (but not sole) cause of strong geometric distortion in all detectors: the Wide Field Camera (WFC), High Resolution Camera (HRC), and Solar Blind Camera (SBC).…
We present results from the application of a global photometric calibration (GPC) procedure to calibration data from the first 2 years of The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS). The GPC algorithm uses photometry of both primary standards and…
Regularization is a widely recognized technique in mathematical optimization. It can be used to smooth out objective functions, refine the feasible solution set, or prevent overfitting in machine learning models. Due to its simplicity and…
Image restoration in astronomy has been considered a vital step in many ground-based observational programs that often suffer from sub-optimal seeing due to atmospheric turbulence, distortion of stellar shapes due to instrumental…
Geometric median (\textsc{Gm}) is a classical method in statistics for achieving a robust estimation of the uncorrupted data; under gross corruption, it achieves the optimal breakdown point of 0.5. However, its computational complexity…
Gravitational waves (GWs) cause the apparent position of distant stars to oscillate with a characteristic pattern on the sky. Astrometric measurements (e.g. those made by Gaia) therefore provide a new way to search for GWs. The main…
Stochastic field distortions caused by atmospheric turbulence are a fundamental limitation to the astrometric accuracy of ground-based imaging. This distortion field is measurable at the locations of stars with accurate positions provided…
Adaptive optics (AO) systems deliver high-resolution images that may be ideal for precisely measuring positions of stars (i.e. astrometry) if the system has stable and well-calibrated geometric optical distortions. A calibration unit,…
The Medium-Resolution integral field Spectrometer (MRS) of MIRI on board JWST performs spectroscopy between 5 and 28~$\mu$m. The optics of the MRS introduce substantial distortion, and this needs to be rectified in order to reconstruct the…
We investigate the limits of ground-based astrometry with adaptive optics using the core of the Galactic globular cluster M5. Adaptive optics systems provide near diffraction-limit imaging with the world's largest telescopes. The…
Accurate geolocation is essential for the reliable use of GEDI LiDAR data in footprint-scale applications such as aboveground biomass modeling, data fusion, and ecosystem monitoring. However, residual geolocation errors arising from both…
The Dynamic Targeting (DT) mission concept is an approach to satellite observation in which a lookahead sensor gathers information about the upcoming environment and uses this information to intelligently plan observations. Previous work…
Recent methods to automatically calibrate stationary eye trackers were shown to effectively reduce inherent calibration distortion. However, these methods require additional information, such as mouse clicks or on-screen content. We propose…