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As a novel and effective fine-tuning paradigm based on large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs), prompt-tuning aims to reduce the gap between downstream tasks and pre-training objectives. While prompt-tuning has yielded continuous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Jiangmeng Li , Fei Song , Yifan Jin , Wenwen Qiang , Changwen Zheng , Fuchun Sun , Hui Xiong

Large pre-trained vision-language models, such as CLIP, have shown remarkable generalization capabilities across various tasks when appropriate text prompts are provided. However, adapting these models to specific domains, like remote…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Qinglong Cao , Zhengqin Xu , Yuntian Chen , Chao Ma , Xiaokang Yang

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have become crucial for rapidly adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks. Prefix-Tuning, an early and effective PEFT technique, demonstrated the ability to achieve performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haonan Wang , Brian Chen , Siquan Li , Xinhe Liang , Hwee Kuan Lee , Kenji Kawaguchi , Tianyang Hu

Current multi-modal object re-identification approaches based on large-scale pre-trained backbones (i.e., ViT) have displayed remarkable progress and achieved excellent performance. However, these methods usually adopt the standard full…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Minghui Lin , Shu Wang , Xiang Wang , Jianhua Tang , Longbin Fu , Zhengrong Zuo , Nong Sang

Fine-grained object retrieval aims to learn discriminative representation to retrieve visually similar objects. However, existing top-performing works usually impose pairwise similarities on the semantic embedding spaces or design a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Shijie Wang , Jianlong Chang , Zhihui Wang , Haojie Li , Wanli Ouyang , Qi Tian

Domain generalization is critical in computational pathology (CPath) due to inherent domain shifts caused by variations in staining protocols, scanner devices, and imaging settings across clinical centers. Vision-language models (VLMs),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Amir Mohammad Ezzati , Alireza Malekhosseini , Armin Khosravi , Mohammad Hossein Rohban

Distribution shift widely exists in medical images acquired from different medical centres and poses a significant obstacle to deploying the pre-trained semantic segmentation model in real-world applications. Test-time adaptation has proven…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Ziyang Chen , Yongsheng Pan , Yiwen Ye , Mengkang Lu , Yong Xia

Prompt learning is one of the most effective paradigms for adapting pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) to the biomedical image classification tasks in few shot scenarios. However, most of the current prompt learning methods only used…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Wei Peng , Kang Liu , Jianchen Hu , Meng Zhang

When adapting large language models (LLMs) to a specific downstream task, two primary approaches are commonly employed: (1) prompt engineering, often with in-context few-shot learning, leveraging the model's inherent generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Jorg Bornschein , Clare Lyle , Yazhe Li , Amal Rannen-Triki , Xu Owen He , Razvan Pascanu

Prompt-based techniques, such as prompt-tuning and prefix-tuning, have gained prominence for their efficiency in fine-tuning large pre-trained models. Despite their widespread adoption, the theoretical foundations of these methods remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Minh Le , Chau Nguyen , Huy Nguyen , Quyen Tran , Trung Le , Nhat Ho

In biomedical imaging, deep learning-based methods are state-of-the-art for every modality (virtual slides, MRI, etc.) In histopathology, these methods can be used to detect certain biomarkers or classify lesions. However, such techniques…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Adrien Nivaggioli , Nicolas Pozin , Rémy Peyret , Stéphane Sockeel , Marie Sockeel , Nicolas Nerrienet , Marceau Clavel , Clara Simmat , Catherine Miquel

It has been demonstrated that the art of prompt tuning is highly effective in efficiently extracting knowledge from pretrained foundation models, encompassing pretrained language models (PLMs), vision pretrained models, and vision-language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Xianjun Yang , Wei Cheng , Xujiang Zhao , Wenchao Yu , Linda Petzold , Haifeng Chen

We propose structured prompt tuning, a simple and effective method to improve prompt tuning. Instead of prepending a sequence of tunable embeddings to the input, we generate the soft prompt embeddings through a hypernetwork. Our approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Chi-Liang Liu , Hung-yi Lee , Wen-tau Yih

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has emerged as a popular method for classifying histopathology whole slide images (WSIs). Existing approaches typically rely on frozen pre-trained models to extract instance features, neglecting the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Yi Lin , Zhengjie Zhu , Kwang-Ting Cheng , Hao Chen

Prompt learning has become a prevalent strategy for adapting vision-language foundation models (VLMs) such as CLIP to downstream tasks. With the emergence of large language models (LLMs), recent studies have explored the potential of using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Yubin Wang , Xinyang Jiang , De Cheng , Wenli Sun , Dongsheng Li , Cairong Zhao

Prompt-tuning is an emerging strategy to adapt large language models (LLM) to downstream tasks by learning a (soft-)prompt parameter from data. Despite its success in LLMs, there is limited theoretical understanding of the power of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Samet Oymak , Ankit Singh Rawat , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Christos Thrampoulidis

Prompt learning has become a prevalent strategy for adapting vision-language foundation models to downstream tasks. As large language models (LLMs) have emerged, recent studies have explored the use of category-related descriptions as input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Yubin Wang , Xinyang Jiang , De Cheng , Dongsheng Li , Cairong Zhao

Recent advancements in pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have highlighted the significant potential of prompt tuning for adapting these models to a wide range of downstream tasks. However, existing prompt tuning methods typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xinyang Wang , Yi Yang , Minfeng Zhu , Kecheng Zheng , Shi Liu , Wei Chen

Deep learning based methods often suffer from performance degradation caused by domain shift. In recent years, many sophisticated network structures have been designed to tackle this problem. However, the advent of large model trained on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Zhikai Wei , Wenhui Dong , Peilin Zhou , Yuliang Gu , Zhou Zhao , Yongchao Xu

For downstream applications of vision-language pre-trained models, there has been significant interest in constructing effective prompts. Existing works on prompt engineering, which either require laborious manual designs or optimize the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xinyang Liu , Dongsheng Wang , Bowei Fang , Miaoge Li , Zhibin Duan , Yishi Xu , Bo Chen , Mingyuan Zhou