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Face morphing attacks have raised critical concerns as they demonstrate a new vulnerability of Face Recognition Systems (FRS), which are widely deployed in border control applications. The face morphing process uses the images from multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Sushma Venkatesh , Kiran Raja , Raghavendra Ramachandra , Christoph Busch

State-of-the-art face recognition (FR) approaches have shown remarkable results in predicting whether two faces belong to the same identity, yielding accuracies between 92% and 100% depending on the difficulty of the protocol. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Stefan Hörmann , Tianlin Kong , Torben Teepe , Fabian Herzog , Martin Knoche , Gerhard Rigoll

Face morphing, a sophisticated presentation attack technique, poses significant security risks to face recognition systems. Traditional methods struggle to detect morphing attacks, which involve blending multiple face images to create a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Iurii Medvedev , Joana Pimenta , Nuno Gonçalves

A face morph is created by combining the face images usually pertaining to two distinct identities. The goal is to generate an image that can be matched with two identities thereby undermining the security of a face recognition system. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Nitish Shukla , Arun Ross

Face morphing attacks threaten the integrity of biometric identity systems by enabling multiple individuals to share a single identity. To develop and evaluate effective morphing attack detection (MAD) systems, we need access to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Wassim Kabbani , Kiran Raja , Raghavendra Ramachandra , Christoph Busch

Face morphing attacks have emerged as a potential threat, particularly in automatic border control scenarios. Morphing attacks permit more than one individual to use travel documents that can be used to cross borders using automatic border…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Raghavendra Ramachandra , Sushma Venkatesh , Gaurav Jaswal , Guoqiang Li

Morphing attacks have posed a severe threat to Face Recognition System (FRS). Despite the number of advancements reported in recent works, we note serious open issues such as independent benchmarking, generalizability challenges and…

With the continuous advancement of generative models, face morphing attacks have become a significant challenge for existing face verification systems due to their potential use in identity fraud and other malicious activities. Contemporary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Marija Ivanovska , Leon Todorov , Naser Damer , Deepak Kumar Jain , Peter Peer , Vitomir Štruc

Morphing attacks are a form of presentation attacks that gathered increasing attention in recent years. A morphed image can be successfully verified to multiple identities. This operation, therefore, poses serious security issues related to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Biying Fu , Naser Damer

Protecting digital identities of human face from various attack vectors is paramount, and face anti-spoofing plays a crucial role in this endeavor. Current approaches primarily focus on detecting spoofing attempts within individual frames…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Xiang Xu , Tianchen Zhao , Zheng Zhang , Zhihua Li , Jon Wu , Alessandro Achille , Mani Srivastava

Face morphing attack detection (MAD) is one of the most challenging tasks in the field of face recognition nowadays. In this work, we introduce a novel deep learning strategy for a single image face morphing detection, which implies the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Iurii Medvedev , Farhad Shadmand , Nuno Gonçalves

Face morphing attacks threaten biometric verification, yet most morphing attack detection (MAD) systems require task-specific training and generalize poorly to unseen attack types. Meanwhile, open-source multimodal large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Marija Ivanovska , Vitomir Štruc

Face analysis is a core part of computer vision, in which remarkable progress has been observed in the past decades. Current methods achieve recognition and tracking with invariance to fundamental modes of variation such as illumination, 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Grigorios G. Chrysos , Paolo Favaro , Stefanos Zafeiriou

Face recognition systems are robust against environmental changes and noise, and thus may be vulnerable to illegal authentication attempts using user face photos, such as spoofing attacks. To prevent such spoofing attacks, it is crucial to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Shota Iwamatsu , Koichi Ito , Takafumi Aoki

Morphing attacks are one of the many threats that are constantly affecting deep face recognition systems. It consists of selecting two faces from different individuals and fusing them into a final image that contains the identity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Pedro C. Neto , Tiago Gonçalves , Marco Huber , Naser Damer , Ana F. Sequeira , Jaime S. Cardoso

Face morphing attack detection (MAD) algorithms have become essential to overcome the vulnerability of face recognition systems. To solve the lack of large-scale and public-available datasets due to privacy concerns and restrictions, in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Haoyu Zhang , Raghavendra Ramachandra , Kiran Raja , Christoph Busch

In the rapidly evolving landscape of digital security, biometric authentication systems, particularly facial recognition, have emerged as integral components of various security protocols. However, the reliability of these systems is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Oleksandr Kuznetsov , Emanuele Frontoni , Luca Romeo , Riccardo Rosati , Andrea Maranesi , Alessandro Muscatello

A face morph is created by strategically combining two or more face images corresponding to multiple identities. The intention is for the morphed image to match with multiple identities. Current morph attack detection strategies can detect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Sudipta Banerjee , Prateek Jaiswal , Arun Ross

Biometrics systems have significantly improved person identification and authentication, playing an important role in personal, national, and global security. However, these systems might be deceived (or "spoofed") and, despite the recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-17 David Menotti , Giovani Chiachia , Allan Pinto , William Robson Schwartz , Helio Pedrini , Alexandre Xavier Falcao , Anderson Rocha

Face morphing attacks pose an increasing threat to face recognition (FR) systems. A morphed photo contains biometric information from two different subjects to take advantage of vulnerabilities in FRs. These systems are particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Richard E. Neddo , Zander W. Blasingame , Chen Liu