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Binary Code Similarity Analysis (BCSA) has a wide spectrum of applications, including plagiarism detection, vulnerability discovery, and malware analysis, thus drawing significant attention from the security community. However, conventional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Fei Zuo , Cody Tompkins , Qiang Zeng , Lannan Luo , Yung Ryn Choe , Junghwan Rhee

Security experts reverse engineer (decompile) binary code to identify critical security vulnerabilities. The limited access to source code in vital systems - such as firmware, drivers, and proprietary software used in Critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Dylan Manuel , Nafis Tanveer Islam , Joseph Khoury , Ana Nunez , Elias Bou-Harb , Peyman Najafirad

Binary analysis plays a pivotal role in security domains such as malware detection and vulnerability discovery, yet it remains labor-intensive and heavily reliant on expert knowledge. General-purpose large language models (LLMs) perform…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Guoqiang Chen , Huiqi Sun , Daguang Liu , Zhiqi Wang , Qiang Wang , Bin Yin , Lu Liu , Lingyun Ying

Binary code analysis plays a pivotal role in the field of software security and is widely used in tasks such as software maintenance, malware detection, software vulnerability discovery, patch analysis, etc. However, unlike source code,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Xiuwei Shang , Zhenkan Fu , Shaoyin Cheng , Guoqiang Chen , Gangyang Li , Li Hu , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Binary code analysis has immense importance in the research domain of software security. Today, software is very often compiled for various Instruction Set Architectures (ISAs). As a result, cross-architecture binary code analysis has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Iftakhar Ahmad , Lannan Luo

Binary code similarity detection is a core task in reverse engineering. It supports malware analysis and vulnerability discovery by identifying semantically similar code in different contexts. Modern methods have progressed from manually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Charles E. Gagnon , Steven H. H. Ding , Philippe Charland , Benjamin C. M. Fung

Retrieving binary code via natural language queries is a pivotal capability for downstream tasks in the software security domain, such as vulnerability detection and malware analysis. However, it is challenging to identify binary functions…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Guoqiang Chen , Lingyun Ying , Ziyang Song , Daguang Liu , Qiang Wang , Zhiqi Wang , Li Hu , Shaoyin Cheng , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Binary rewriting is a rapidly-maturing technique for modifying software for instrumentation, customization, optimization, and hardening without access to source code. Unfortunately, the practical applications of binary rewriting tools are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Eric Schulte , Michael D. Brown , Vlad Folts

Software composition analysis (SCA) denotes the process of identifying open-source software components in an input software application. SCA has been extensively developed and adopted by academia and industry. However, we notice that the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Huaijin Wang , Zhibo Liu , Yanbo Dai , Shuai Wang , Qiyi Tang , Sen Nie , Shi Wu

Binary Static Code Analysis (BSCA) is a pivotal area in software vulnerability research, focusing on the precise localization of vulnerabilities within binary executables. Despite advancements in BSCA techniques, there is a notable scarcity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Lingfeng Chen

Developers today use significant amounts of open source code, surfacing the need for ways to automatically audit and upgrade library dependencies, and giving rise to the subfield of Software Composition Analysis (SCA). SCA products are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Darius Foo , Jason Yeo , Hao Xiao , Asankhaya Sharma

Fault injection attacks can cause errors in software for malicious purposes. Oftentimes, vulnerable points of a program are detected after its development. It is therefore critical for the user of the program to be able to apply last-minute…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Pantea Kiaei , Cees-Bart Breunesse , Mohsen Ahmadi , Patrick Schaumont , Jasper van Woudenberg

Given a closed-source program, such as most of proprietary software and viruses, binary code analysis is indispensable for many tasks, such as code plagiarism detection and malware analysis. Today, source code is very often compiled for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Kimberly Redmond , Lannan Luo , Qiang Zeng

Memory corruption is an important class of vulnerability that can be leveraged to craft control flow hijacking attacks. Control Flow Integrity (CFI) provides protection against such attacks. Application of type-based CFI policies requires…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Ruturaj K. Vaidya , Prasad A. Kulkarni

Vulnerabilities severely threaten software systems, making the timely application of security patches crucial for mitigating attacks. However, software vendors often silently patch vulnerabilities with limited disclosure, where Security…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Qingyuan Li , Chenchen Yu , Chuanyi Li , Xin-Cheng Wen , Cheryl Lee , Cuiyun Gao , Bin Luo

Binary code clone analysis is an important technique which has a wide range of applications in software engineering (e.g., plagiarism detection, bug detection). The main challenge of the topic lies in the semantics-equivalent code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Yikun Hu , Yuanyuan Zhang , Juanru Li , Hui Wang , Bodong Li , Dawu Gu

With the rapid growth of software, using third-party libraries (TPLs) has become increasingly popular. The prosperity of the library usage has provided the software engineers with handful of methods to facilitate and boost the program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Can Yang , Zhengzi Xu , Hongxu Chen , Yang Liu , Xiaorui Gong , Baoxu Liu

Recent advances in LLM-based decompilers have been shown effective to convert low-level binaries into human-readable source code. However, there still lacks a comprehensive benchmark that provides large-scale binary-source function pairs,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Hanzhuo Tan , Xiaolong Tian , Hanrui Qi , Jiaming Liu , Zuchen Gao , Siyi Wang , Qi Luo , Jing Li , Yuqun Zhang

This paper describes a method for the recovering of software architectures from a set of similar (but unrelated) software products in binary form. One intention is to drive refactoring into software product lines and combine architecture…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-08-08 Ian D. Peake , Jan Olaf Blech , Lasith Fernando , Divyasheel Sharma , Srini Ramaswamy , Mallikarjun Kande

Binary code analysis plays a pivotal role in various software security applications, such as software maintenance, malware detection, software vulnerability discovery, patch analysis, etc. However, unlike source code, understanding binary…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Xiuwei Shang , Shaoyin Cheng , Guoqiang Chen , Yanming Zhang , Li Hu , Xiao Yu , Gangyang Li , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu