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Self-driving laboratories (SDLs) have shown promise to accelerate materials discovery by integrating machine learning with automated experimental platforms. However, errors in the capture of input parameters may corrupt the features used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Qiuyu Shi , Kangming Li , Yao Fehlis , Runze Zhang , Daniel Persaud , Robert Black , Jason Hattrick-Simpers

While recent code-specific large language models (LLMs) have greatly enhanced their code generation capabilities, the safety of these models remains under-explored, posing potential risks as insecure code generated by these models may…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Xiangzhe Xu , Zian Su , Jinyao Guo , Kaiyuan Zhang , Zhenting Wang , Xiangyu Zhang

The pervasive nature of software vulnerabilities has emerged as a primary factor for the surge in cyberattacks. Traditional vulnerability detection methods, including rule-based, signature-based, manual review, static, and dynamic analysis,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Md Nizam Uddin , Yihe Zhang , Xiali Hei

Large Language Models (LLMs) can acquire unintended biases from seemingly benign training data even without explicit cues or malicious content. Existing methods struggle to detect such risks before fine-tuning, making post hoc evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Mengru Wang , Zhenqian Xu , Junfeng Fang , Yunzhi Yao , Shumin Deng , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) frequently achieve impressive scores on standardized benchmarks, yet accuracy alone offers a limited view of their capabilities. Evaluating open-source LLMs through leaderboards faces persistent issues like data…

Thousands of security vulnerabilities are discovered in production software each year, either reported publicly to the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures database or discovered internally in proprietary code. Vulnerabilities often…

Why wait for zero-days when you could predict them in advance? It is possible to predict the volume of CVEs released in the NVD as much as a year in advance. This can be done within 3 percent of the actual value, and different predictive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Éireann Leverett , Matilda Rhode , Adam Wedgbury

The significant advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have resulted in their widespread adoption across various tasks within Software Engineering (SE), including vulnerability detection and repair. Numerous studies have investigated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Xin Zhou , Sicong Cao , Xiaobing Sun , David Lo

Detecting vulnerabilities is vital for software security, yet deep learning-based vulnerability detectors (DLVD) face a data shortage, which limits their effectiveness. Data augmentation can potentially alleviate the data shortage, but…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Seyed Shayan Daneshvar , Yu Nong , Xu Yang , Shaowei Wang , Haipeng Cai

The accurate labeling of datasets is often both costly and time-consuming. Given an unlabeled dataset, programmatic weak supervision obtains probabilistic predictions for the labels by leveraging multiple weak labeling functions (LFs) that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-07 Verónica Álvarez , Santiago Mazuelas , Steven An , Sanjoy Dasgupta

Software vulnerabilities have been continually disclosed and documented. An important practice in documenting vulnerabilities is to describe the key vulnerability aspects, such as vulnerability type, root cause, affected product, impact,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-08-07 Hao Guo , Zhenchang Xing , Xiaohong Li

Software quality assurance activities become increasingly difficult as software systems become more and more complex and continuously grow in size. Moreover, testing becomes even more expensive when dealing with large-scale systems. Thus,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Xhulja Shahini , Domenic Bubel , Andreas Metzger

Large language models (large LMs) are increasingly trained on massive codebases and used to generate code. However, LMs lack awareness of security and are found to frequently produce unsafe code. This work studies the security of LMs along…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Jingxuan He , Martin Vechev

Context: Static Application Security Testing Tools (SASTTs) identify software vulnerabilities to support the security and reliability of software applications. Interestingly, several studies have suggested that alternative solutions may be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Matteo Esposito , Valentina Falaschi , Davide Falessi

This paper presents the results of finetuning large language models (LLMs) for the task of detecting vulnerabilities in source code. We leverage WizardCoder, a recent improvement of the state-of-the-art LLM StarCoder, and adapt it for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Alexey Shestov , Rodion Levichev , Ravil Mussabayev , Evgeny Maslov , Anton Cheshkov , Pavel Zadorozhny

Context: Software vulnerabilities pose significant security threats to software systems, especially as software is increasingly used across many areas of daily life, including health, government, and finance. Recently, transformer-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Fiza Naseer , Javed Ali Khan , Muhammad Yaqoob , Alexios Mylonas , Ishaya Gambo

Vulnerable software represents a tremendous threat to modern information systems. Vulnerabilities in widespread applications may be used to spread malware, steal money and conduct target attacks. To address this problem, developers and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Maksim Shudrak , Vyacheslav Zolotarev

Various deep learning (DL) methods have recently been utilized to detect software vulnerabilities. Real-world software vulnerability datasets are rare and hard to acquire, as there is no simple metric for classifying vulnerability. Such…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Seyed Shayan Daneshvar , Da Tan , Shaowei Wang , Carson Leung

The virtualization and softwarization of 5G and NextG are critical enablers of the shift to flexibility, but they also present a potential attack surface for threats. However, current security research in communication systems focuses on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Jingda Yang , Ying Wang , Yanjun Pan , Tuyen X. Tran

Software, while beneficial, poses potential cybersecurity risks due to inherent vulnerabilities. Detecting these vulnerabilities is crucial, and deep learning has shown promise as an effective tool for this task due to its ability to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Imam Nur Bani Yusuf , Lingxiao Jiang