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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into software engineering (SE) tools for tasks that extend beyond code synthesis, including judgment under uncertainty and reasoning in ethically significant contexts. We present a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Patrizio Migliarini , Mashal Afzal Memon , Marco Autili , Paola Inverardi

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) in mental health and other sensitive domains raises urgent questions about ethical reasoning, fairness, and responsible alignment. Yet, existing benchmarks for moral and clinical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Sai Kartheek Reddy Kasu

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is taking on increasingly autonomous roles, e.g., browsing the web as a research assistant and managing money. But specifying goals and restrictions for AI behavior is difficult. Similar to how parties to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-31 John J. Nay

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, LLaMA, GLM, and PaLM, have exhibited remarkable performances across various tasks in recent years. However, LLMs face two main challenges in real-world applications. One challenge is that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Tao Fan , Yan Kang , Guoqiang Ma , Weijing Chen , Wenbin Wei , Lixin Fan , Qiang Yang

The impact of using artificial intelligence (AI) to guide patient care or operational processes is an interplay of the AI model's output, the decision-making protocol based on that output, and the capacity of the stakeholders involved to…

The integration of AI in education holds immense potential for personalizing learning experiences and transforming instructional practices. However, AI systems can inadvertently encode and amplify biases present in educational data, leading…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zhipeng Yin , Sribala Vidyadhari Chinta , Zichong Wang , Matthew Gonzalez , Wenbin Zhang

The use of large language models (LLMs) in hiring promises to streamline candidate screening, but it also raises serious concerns regarding accuracy and algorithmic bias where sufficient safeguards are not in place. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Eitan Anzenberg , Arunava Samajpati , Sivasankaran Chandrasekar , Varun Kacholia

The need to assess LLMs for bias and fairness is critical, with current evaluations often being narrow, missing a broad categorical view. In this paper, we propose evaluating the bias and fairness of LLMs from a group fairness lens using a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Guanqun Bi , Yuqiang Xie , Lei Shen , Yanan Cao

The use of language technologies in high-stake settings is increasing in recent years, mostly motivated by the success of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, despite the great performance of LLMs, they are are susceptible to ethical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Alejandro Peña , Julian Fierrez , Aythami Morales , Gonzalo Mancera , Miguel Lopez , Ruben Tolosana

To meet the standards of the Open Science movement, the FAIR Principles emphasize the importance of making scientific data Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. Yet, creating a repository that adheres to these principles…

Quality assessment of Research Software Engineering (RSE) plays an important role in all scientific fields. From the canonical three criteria (reliability, validity, and objectivity) previous research has focussed on reliability and the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Julian Dehne

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) in recommender systems (RS) presents new challenges in understanding and evaluating their biases, which can result in unfairness or the amplification of stereotypes. Traditional fairness…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Yashar Deldjoo , Fatemeh Nazary

Approaches to fair and ethical AI have recently fell under the scrutiny of the emerging, chiefly qualitative, field of critical data studies, placing emphasis on the lack of sensitivity to context and complex social phenomena of such…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Andrés Domínguez Hernández , Vassilis Galanos

Large Language Models (LLMs) inherit explicit and implicit biases from their training datasets. Identifying and mitigating biases in LLMs is crucial to ensure fair outputs, as they can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and misinformation. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Fatima Kazi , Alex Young , Yash Inani , Setareh Rafatirad

Privacy and fairness are two crucial pillars of responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) and trustworthy Machine Learning (ML). Each objective has been independently studied in the literature with the aim of reducing utility loss in…

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in sensitive domains such as healthcare, law, and education, the demand for transparent, interpretable, and accountable AI systems becomes more urgent. Explainable AI (XAI) acts as a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Francisco Herrera

In the era of autonomous agents, machine-actionable data is critical for data-driven workflows. For more than a decade, semantic metadata like schema.org has anchored the FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Shiyu Chen , Tarfah Alrashed , Alon Halevy , Natasha Noy

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced interactions between users and models. These advancements concurrently underscore the need for rigorous safety evaluations due to the manifestation of social…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Dahyun Jung , Seungyoon Lee , Hyeonseok Moon , Chanjun Park , Heuiseok Lim

Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly evolved over the past few years and are currently evaluated for their efficacy within the domain of offensive cyber-security. While initial forays showcase the potential of LLMs to enhance security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Andreas Happe , Jürgen Cito

This survey explores the fairness of large language models (LLMs) in e-commerce, examining their progress, applications, and the challenges they face. LLMs have become pivotal in the e-commerce domain, offering innovative solutions and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Qingyang Ren , Zilin Jiang , Jinghan Cao , Sijia Li , Chiqu Li , Yiyang Liu , Shuning Huo , Tiange He , Yuan Chen