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Water (H$_2$O) is one of the most abundant molecules in the universe and is found in a wide variety of astrophysical environments. Rotational transitions in H$_2$O + H$_2$O collisions are important in modeling environments rich in water…
One of the goals of climate science is to characterize the statistics of extreme and potentially dangerous events in the present and future climate. Extreme events like heat waves, droughts, or floods due to persisting rains are…
Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are complex electronic systems which exhibit a multitude of collective phenomena. Two archetypal examples are VO2 and NdNiO3, which undergo a metal-insulator phase-transition (MIT), the origin of which is…
A general, variational approach to derive low-order reduced systems is presented. The approach is based on the concept of optimal parameterizing manifold (OPM) that substitutes the more classical notions of invariant or slow manifold when…
Accurate real-time forecasting of cryogenic tank behavior is essential for the safe and efficient operation of propulsion and storage systems in future deep-space missions. While cryogenic fluid management (CFM) systems increasingly require…
Extreme El Ni\~no events, such as occurred in 1997--1998, can induce severe weather on a global scale, with significant socioeconomic impacts that motivate efforts to understand them better. However, extreme El Ni\~no events are rare, and…
Rare events are processes that occur upon the emergence of unlikely fluctuations. Unlike what their name suggests, rare events are fairly ubiquitous in nature, as the occurrence of many structural transformations in biology and material…
Various studies identified possible drivers of extremes of Arctic sea ice reduction, such as observed in the summers of 2007 and 2012, including preconditioning, local feedback mechanisms, oceanic heat transport and the synoptic- and…
Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) describes variations of North Atlantic sea surface temperature with a typical cycle of between 60 and 70 years. AMV strongly impacts local climate over North America and Europe, therefore prediction…
Assessing the risk of low-probability high-impact transient instability (TI) events is crucial for ensuring robust and stable power system operation under high uncertainty. However, direct Monte Carlo (DMC) simulation for rare TI event…
Recent advances in non-volatile main memory (NVRAM) technology have spurred research on designing algorithms that are resilient to process crashes. This paper is a fuller version of our conference paper \cite{jayanti:rmeabort}, which…
We propose a high-order stochastic-statistical moment closure model for efficient ensemble prediction of leading-order statistical moments and probability density functions in multiscale complex turbulent systems. The statistical moment…
Reservoir computing has emerged as a powerful framework for time series modelling and forecasting including the prediction of discontinuous transitions. However, the mechanism behind its success is not yet fully understood. This letter…
This article is an extended version of previous work of the authors [40, 41] on low-rank matrix estimation in the presence of constraints on the factors into which the matrix is factorized. Low-rank matrix factorization is one of the basic…
Feature compression is increasingly important for improving the efficiency of downstream tasks, especially in applications involving large-scale or multi-modal data. While existing methods typically rely on dedicated models for achieving…
Parallel trajectory optimization via the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) has emerged as a scalable approach to long-horizon motion planning. However, existing frameworks typically decompose the problem into parallel…
We develop a biased Monte Carlo algorithm to measure probabilities of rare events in cluster-cluster aggregation for arbitrary collision kernels. Given a trajectory with a fixed number of collisions, the algorithm modifies both the waiting…
Accurate subgrid-scale closures are essential for weather/climate models, where predicting extreme events is critical. Traditional closures have structural errors, e.g., producing excessive diffusion that dampens extremes. Artificial…
Global climate models (GCMs) are the main tools for understanding and predicting climate change. However, due to limited numerical resolutions, these models suffer from major structural uncertainties; e.g., they cannot resolve critical…
The Curie temperature ($T_C$) of binary alloy compounds consisting of 3$d$ transition-metal and 4$f$ rare-earth elements is analyzed by a machine learning technique. We first demonstrate that nonlinear regression can accurately reproduce…