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Related papers: Response to a critique of "Cotton Gravity"

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Recently, J. Harada proposed a theory relating gravity to the Cotton tensor, dubbed as ''Cotton gravity'' (CG). This is an extension of General Relativity such that every solution of the latter turns out to be a solution of the former (but…

Clement and Noiucer submitted a note {\tt arXiv:2401.16008 [gr-qc]} replying to our criticism {\tt arXiv:2401.10479 [gr-qc]} of their previous submission. We reply to the contents of this note and remark that these authors have not…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-06 R. A. Sussman , C. A. Mantica , L. G. Molinari , S. Nájera

We derive Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) models as non-trivial solutions of "Cotton Gravity" (CG), a recently proposed gravity theory alternative to General Relativity (GR) based on the Cotton tensor. Using an equivalent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-05 Roberto A Sussman , Sebastian Najera

The "Codazzi formulation", based on a Codazzi tensor, provides a more robust and straightforward theoretical framework for "Cotton Gravity" (CG) than its original formulation in terms of the Cotton tensor. Using this formulation we provide…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-05 Roberto A Sussman , Sebastian Najera

We consider a recently introduced extension of General Relativity dubbed as Cotton gravity (CG), based on the use of the Cotton tensor, to estimate the size of a new constant $\gamma$ appearing within a spherically symmetric, vacuum…

Cotton theory (CT) introduces a higher derivative extension of General Relativity (GR) characterized by third-rank field equations. Recently, key distinctions between CT and GR concerning wave and vacuum solutions have been highlighted in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-08 Serkan Doruk Hazinedar , Yaghoub Heydarzade , Maryam Ranjbar

We propose a new phenomenological second order gravity theory to be denoted as ''Schouten-Codazzi' Gravity'' (SCG), as it is based on Schouten and Codazzi tensors. The theory is related, but is clearly distinct from Cotton Gravity. By…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-06 Roberto A Sussman , Sebastian Najera

Cotton gravity was recently introduced as a higher derivative extension of General Relativity. The field equations of the theory involve the rank-3 Cotton tensor. Here we show that all solutions of the theory, including the black holes,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-15 Emel Altas , Bayram Tekin

It is well-known that the theory of Cotton gravity proposed by Harada is trivially solved by all isotropic and homogeneous cosmologies. We show that this under-determination is more general. More precisely, the degree of arbitrariness in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-14 Gérard Clément , Khireddine Nouicer

The framework of General Relativity (GR) has recently been expanded through the introduction of Cotton Gravity (CG), a theoretical extension proposed by J. Harada. This modified approach integrates the Cotton tensor into the gravitational…

As an alternative gravitational theory to General Relativity (GR), the Conformal Gravity (CG) has recently been successfully verified by observations of Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) and the rotation curves of spiral galaxies. The observations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-05 Li-Xue Yue , Da-Ming Chen

We perform a cosmological test of Cotton gravity, which describes gravity by cotton tensor. We assume in Cotton gravity the background evolution is the same as the flat FLRW background. We derive the cosmological perturbation theory of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-23 Pengbo Xia , Dongdong Zhang , Xin Ren , Bo Wang , Yen Chin Ong

Harada proposed a modified theory of gravity called Cotton gravity, and argued that it successfully explains the rotation curves of $84$ galaxies without the need of dark matter. In this work we use galaxy-galaxy lensing technique to test…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-10 Geyu Mo , Qingqing Wang , Xin Ren , Weitong Yan , Yen Chin Ong , Wentao Luo

It is shown that the Cotton tensor can describe the effects of gravity beyond general relativity. Any solution of the Einstein equations with or without the cosmological constant satisfies the field equations described by the Cotton tensor.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-23 Junpei Harada

In this brief review, I summarize the new development on the correspondence between noncommuative (NC) field theory and gravity, shortly referred to as the NCFT/Gravity correspondence. I elucidate why a gauge theory in NC spacetime should…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-10-27 Hyun Seok Yang

In a recent paper of M. Villata [arXiv:1103.4937], it is claimed that "antigravity appears as a prediction of general relativity when CPT is applied." However, the present paper argues that Villata puts the cart before the horse qua…

General Physics · Physics 2012-06-25 Marcoen J. T. F. Cabbolet

The discrepancy between the observed value of the cosmological constant (CC) and its expected value from quantum field theoretical considerations motivates the search for a theory in which the CC is decoupled from the vacuum energy. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-14 Justin C. Feng , Pisin Chen

Recently, as a generalization of general relativity, a gravity theory has been proposed in which gravitational field equations are described by the Cotton tensor. That theory allows an additional contribution to the gravitational potential…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-03 Junpei Harada

This work investigates alternative theories of gravity, the solutions to their field equations and the constraints that can be imposed upon them from observation and experiment. Specifically, we consider the cosmologies and spherically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Clifton

As an alternative gravitational theory to General Relativity (GR), Conformal Gravity (CG) can be verified through astronomical observations. Currently, Mannheim and Kazanas have provided vacuum solutions for cosmological and local…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-27 Li-Xue Yue , Da-Ming Chen
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