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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) provide powerful representations for recommendation tasks. GNN-based recommendation systems capture the complex high-order connectivity between users and items by aggregating information from distant neighbors…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Heesoo Jung , Sangpil Kim , Hogun Park

We study constrained nested stochastic optimization problems in which the objective function is a composition of two smooth functions whose exact values and derivatives are not available. We propose a single time-scale stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-09 Saeed Ghadimi , Andrzej Ruszczyński , Mengdi Wang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has demonstrated notable success in enhancing the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs). However, recent studies reveal that while current RLVR methods improve sampling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yang Xu , Kun Yao , Yiming Deng , Zheng Fang , Kai Ming Ting , Ming Pang

We study the problem of learning exploration-exploitation strategies that effectively adapt to dynamic environments, where the task may change over time. While RNN-based policies could in principle represent such strategies, in practice…

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is highly effective for post-training autoregressive (AR) language models, yet its direct application to diffusion large language models (dLLMs) often triggers reward collapse. We identify two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jianyuan Zhong , Kaibo Wang , Ding Ding , Zijin Feng , Haoli Bai , Yang Xiang , Jiacheng Sun , Qiang Xu

When vehicle routing decisions are intertwined with higher-level decisions, the resulting optimization problems pose significant challenges for computation. Examples are the multi-depot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP), where customers are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Abhay Sobhanan , Junyoung Park , Jinkyoo Park , Changhyun Kwon

Policy gradient and actor-critic algorithms form the basis of many commonly used training techniques in deep reinforcement learning. Using these algorithms in multiagent environments poses problems such as nonstationarity and instability.…

Extracting a small subset of representative tuples from a large database is an important task in multi-criteria decision making. The regret-minimizing set (RMS) problem is recently proposed for representative discovery from databases.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Yanhao Wang , Michael Mathioudakis , Yuchen Li , Kian-Lee Tan

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) algorithms tackle sequential decision problems where agents may have different preferences over (possibly conflicting) reward functions. Such algorithms often learn a set of policies (each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Lucas N. Alegre , Ana L. C. Bazzan , Diederik M. Roijers , Ann Nowé , Bruno C. da Silva

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance across a variety of traditional machine learning tasks, e.g., speech recognition, image classification, and segmentation. The ability of DNNs to efficiently approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Elizabeth Newman , Lars Ruthotto , Joseph Hart , Bart van Bloemen Waanders

The Multi-Commodity Pickup and Delivery Vehicle Routing Problem aims to optimize the pickup and delivery of multiple unique commodities using a fleet of several agents with limited payload capacities. This paper addresses the challenge of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-30 Mithun Goutham , Stephanie Stockar

Combinatorial optimization problems can be solved by heuristic algorithms such as simulated annealing (SA) which aims to find the optimal solution within a large search space through thermal fluctuations. The algorithm generates new…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-10-30 Shoummo Ahsan Khandoker , Jawaril Munshad Abedin , Mohamed Hibat-Allah

Regularized MDPs serve as a smooth version of original MDPs. However, biased optimal policy always exists for regularized MDPs. Instead of making the coefficient{\lambda}of regularized term sufficiently small, we propose an adaptive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Wenhao Yang , Xiang Li , Guangzeng Xie , Zhihua Zhang

The nuclear norm (NN) has been widely explored in matrix recovery problems, such as Robust PCA and matrix completion, leveraging the inherent global low-rank structure of the data. In this study, we introduce a new modified nuclear norm…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Jiangjun Peng , Yisi Luo , Xiangyong Cao , Shuang Xu , Deyu Meng

Recently, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) frameworks have shown potential for solving NP-hard routing problems such as the traveling salesman problem (TSP) without problem-specific expert knowledge. Although DRL can be used to solve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Minsu Kim , Jinkyoo Park , Joungho Kim

In real-world decision making tasks, it is critical for data-driven reinforcement learning methods to be both stable and sample efficient. On-policy methods typically generate reliable policy improvement throughout training, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 James Queeney , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis , Christos G. Cassandras

We present decentralized rollout sampling policy iteration (DecRSPI) - a new algorithm for multi-agent decision problems formalized as DEC-POMDPs. DecRSPI is designed to improve scalability and tackle problems that lack an explicit model.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Feng Wu , Shlomo Zilberstein , Xiaoping Chen

For deep neural network accelerators, memory movement is both energetically expensive and can bound computation. Therefore, optimal mapping of tensors to memory hierarchies is critical to performance. The growing complexity of neural…

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has become the dominant method for reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards in large language models, but it suffers from two critical limitations: gradient vanishing and diversity collapse.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Khiem Le , Phuc Nguyen , Youssef Mroueh , Chi-Heng Lin , Shangqian Gao , Ting Hua , Nitesh V. Chawla

We study a class of generalized linear programs (GLP) in a large-scale setting, which includes simple, possibly nonsmooth convex regularizer and simple convex set constraints. By reformulating (GLP) as an equivalent convex-concave min-max…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-10 Chaobing Song , Cheuk Yin Lin , Stephen J. Wright , Jelena Diakonikolas