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Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models (EFMs) have shown strong potential for transferable representation learning, yet their adaptation in realistic settings remains challenging when only a few labeled subjects are available. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jingying Ma , Feng Wu , Yucheng Xing , Qika Lin , Tianyu Liu , Chenyu Liu , Ziyu Jia , Mengling Feng

As with most other data domains, EEG data analysis relies on rich domain-specific preprocessing. Beyond such preprocessing, machine learners would hope to deal with such data as with any other time series data. For EEG classification many…

Modeling effective representations using multiple views that positively influence each other is challenging, and the existing methods perform poorly on Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for sleep-staging tasks. In this paper, we propose a…

The last decade has witnessed a notable surge in deep learning applications for the analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) data, thanks to its demonstrated superiority over conventional statistical techniques. However, even deep learning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Federico Del Pup , Andrea Zanola , Louis Fabrice Tshimanga , Alessandra Bertoldo , Manfredo Atzori

Recent success in natural language processing has motivated growing interest in large-scale foundation models for neuroimaging data. Such models often require discretization of continuous neural time series data, a process referred to as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 SungJun Cho , Chetan Gohil , Rukuang Huang , Oiwi Parker Jones , Mark W. Woolrich

In this paper we investigate continuous speech recognition using electroencephalography (EEG) features using recently introduced end-to-end transformer based automatic speech recognition (ASR) model. Our results demonstrate that transformer…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-06 Gautam Krishna , Co Tran , Mason Carnahan , Ahmed H Tewfik

Motivated by the challenge of seamless cross-dataset transfer in EEG signal processing, this article presents an exploratory study on the use of Joint Embedding Predictive Architectures (JEPAs). In recent years, self-supervised learning has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Pierre Guetschel , Thomas Moreau , Michael Tangermann

Data scarcity in the brain-computer interface field can be alleviated through the use of generative models, specifically diffusion models. While diffusion models have previously been successfully applied to electroencephalogram (EEG) data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Guido Klein , Pierre Guetschel , Gianluigi Silvestri , Michael Tangermann

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive technique to measure and record brain electrical activity, widely used in various BCI and healthcare applications. Early EEG decoding methods rely on supervised learning, limited by specific…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-07 Jiquan Wang , Sha Zhao , Zhiling Luo , Yangxuan Zhou , Haiteng Jiang , Shijian Li , Tao Li , Gang Pan

In diagnosing neurological disorders from electroencephalography (EEG) data, foundation models such as Transformers have been employed to capture temporal dynamics. Additionally, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are critical for representing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Toyotaro Suzumura , Hiroki Kanezashi , Shotaro Akahori

Nowadays, machine and deep learning techniques are widely used in different areas, ranging from economics to biology. In general, these techniques can be used in two ways: trying to adapt well-known models and architectures to the available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Danilo Avola , Marco Cascio , Luigi Cinque , Alessio Fagioli , Gian Luca Foresti , Marco Raoul Marini , Daniele Pannone

While analytics of sleep electroencephalography (EEG) holds certain advantages over other methods in clinical applications, high variability across subjects poses a significant challenge when it comes to deploying machine learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Manoj Vishwanath , Steven Cao , Nikil Dutt , Amir M. Rahmani , Miranda M. Lim , Hung Cao

While foundation models excel in text, image, and video domains, the critical biological signals, particularly electroencephalography(EEG), remain underexplored. EEG benefits neurological research with its high temporal resolution,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Wei Xiong , Junming Lin , Jiangtong Li , Jie Li , Changjun Jiang

This paper focuses on subject adaptation for EEG-based visual recognition. It aims at building a visual stimuli recognition system customized for the target subject whose EEG samples are limited, by transferring knowledge from abundant data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-23 Pilhyeon Lee , Seogkyu Jeon , Sunhee Hwang , Minjung Shin , Hyeran Byun

The present study introduces an innovative approach to the synthesis of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals by integrating diffusion models with reinforcement learning. This integration addresses key challenges associated with traditional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-02 Yang An , Yuhao Tong , Weikai Wang , Steven W. Su

Both the temporal dynamics and spatial correlations of Electroencephalogram (EEG), which contain discriminative emotion information, are essential for the emotion recognition. However, some redundant information within the EEG signals would…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-17 Zhe Wang , Yongxiong Wang , Chuanfei Hu , Zhong Yin , Yu Song

Systems that can automatically analyze EEG signals can aid neurologists by reducing heavy workload and delays. However, such systems need to be first trained using a labeled dataset. While large corpuses of EEG data exist, a fraction of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Subhrajit Roy , Kiran Kate , Martin Hirzel

Reconstructing natural language from non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) holds great promise as a language decoding technology for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, EEG-based language decoding is still in its nascent stages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Jiaqi Wang , Zhenxi Song , Zhengyu Ma , Xipeng Qiu , Min Zhang , Zhiguo Zhang

With the recent success of artificial intelligence in neuroscience, a number of deep learning (DL) models were proposed for classification, anomaly detection, and pattern recognition tasks in electroencephalography (EEG). EEG is a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-05 Giulia Cisotto , Alberto Zancanaro , Italo F. Zoppis , Sara L. Manzoni

Deep learning models are complex due to their size, structure, and inherent randomness in training procedures. Additional complexity arises from the selection of datasets and inductive biases. Addressing these challenges for explainability,…