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Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in register-transfer level (RTL) design automation, but direct RTL generation remains difficult to validate, optimize, and integrate with compiler-based hardware design flows. Hardware…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shuo Yin , Yihe Wang , Lancheng Zou , Xufeng Yao , Tinghuan Chen , Chen Bai , Zhengrong Wang , Tsung-Yi Ho , Bei Yu

High-level synthesis (HLS) has been widely adopted as it significantly improves the hardware design productivity and enables efficient design space exploration (DSE). Existing HLS tools are built using compiler infrastructures largely based…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Hanchen Ye , Cong Hao , Jianyi Cheng , Hyunmin Jeong , Jack Huang , Stephen Neuendorffer , Deming Chen

This article is primarily meant to present an early case study on using MLIR, a new compiler intermediate representation infrastructure, for high-performance code generation. Aspects of MLIR covered in particular include memrefs, the affine…

Performance · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Uday Bondhugula

The rapidly evolving landscape of AI and machine learning workloads has widened the gap between high-level domain operations and efficient hardware utilization. Achieving near-peak performance still demands deep hardware expertise-experts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Arun Thangamani , Md Asghar Ahmad Shahid , Adam Siemieniuk , Rolf Morel , Renato Golin , Alexander Heinecke

To take full advantage of a specific hardware target, performance engineers need to gain control on compilers in order to leverage their domain knowledge about the program and hardware. Yet, modern compilers are poorly controlled, usually…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Martin Paul Lücke , Oleksandr Zinenko , William S. Moses , Michel Steuwer , Albert Cohen

In recent years, end-to-end Large Language Model (LLM) technology has shown substantial advantages across various domains. As critical system software and infrastructure, compilers are responsible for transforming source code into target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Hongbin Zhang , Shihao Gao , Yang Liu , Mingjie Xing , Yanjun Wu , Chen Zhao

Machine learning model deployment for training and execution has been an important topic for industry and academic research in the last decade. Much of the attention has been focused on developing specific toolchains to support acceleration…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Hsin-I Cindy Liu , Marius Brehler , Mahesh Ravishankar , Nicolas Vasilache , Ben Vanik , Stella Laurenzo

Compilers for general-purpose languages have been shown to be at a disadvantage when it comes to specialized application domains as opposed to their Domain-Specific Language (DSL) counterparts. However, the field of DSL compilers features…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Karl F. A. Friebel , Jascha A. Ohlmann , Jeronimo Castrillon

As the capabilities of quantum computing hardware continue to rise, algorithms that exploit them are becoming increasingly complex. These developments increase the need for sophisticated compilation frameworks that translate high-level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Lukas Burgholzer , Daniel Haag , Yannick Stade , Damian Rovara , Patrick Hopf , Robert Wille

In this work, we describe the design and architecture of the open-source Quantum Engine Compiler (qe-compiler) currently used in production for IBM Quantum systems. The qe-compiler is built using LLVM's Multi-Level Intermediate…

Deep neural network models are becoming increasingly popular and have been used in various tasks such as computer vision, speech recognition, and natural language processing. Machine learning models are commonly trained in a resource-rich…

Driven by the increasing demand for low-latency and real-time processing, machine learning applications are steadily migrating toward edge computing platforms, where Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are widely adopted for their energy…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jiahong Bi , Lars Schütze , Jeronimo Castrillon

Despite significant investment in software infrastructure, machine learning systems, runtimes and compilers do not compose properly. We propose a new design aiming at providing unprecedented degrees of modularity, composability and…

Traditional Digital Signal Processing ( DSP ) compilers work at low level ( C-level / assembly level ) and hence lose much of the optimization opportunities present at high-level ( domain-level ). The emerging multi-level compiler…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-23 Abhinav Kumar , Atharva Khedkar , Aviral Shrivastava

Compilers are essential for the performance and correct execution of software and hold universal relevance across various scientific disciplines. Despite this, there is a notable lack of tools for testing and evaluating them, especially…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Berke Ates , Filip Dobrosavljević , Theodoros Theodoridis , Zhendong Su

Hardware architectures and machine learning (ML) libraries evolve rapidly. Traditional compilers often fail to generate high-performance code across the spectrum of new hardware offerings. To mitigate, engineers develop hand-tuned kernels…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-18 Tim Zerrell , Jeremy Bruestle

Driven by increasing compute requirements for deep learning models, compiler developers have been looking for ways to target specialised hardware and heterogeneous systems more efficiently. The MLIR project has the goal to offer…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Jules Merckx

Coarse Grained Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs) present both high flexibility and efficiency, making them well-suited for the acceleration of intensive workloads. Nevertheless, a key barrier towards their widespread adoption is posed by CGRA…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yuxuan Wang , Cristian Tirelli , Giovanni Ansaloni , Laura Pozzi , David Atienza

This work proposes a compilation flow using open-source compiler passes to build a framework to achieve ninja performance from a generic linear algebra high-level abstraction. We demonstrate this flow with a proof-of-concept MLIR project…

The complexity of heterogeneous computing architectures, as well as the demand for productive and portable parallel application development, have driven the evolution of parallel programming models to become more comprehensive and complex…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Anjia Wang , Xinyao Yi , Yonghong Yan