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Analog in-memory computing (AIMC) accelerators enable efficient deep neural network computation directly within memory using resistive crossbar arrays, where model parameters are represented by the conductance states of memristive devices.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Jindan Li , Zhaoxian Wu , Gaowen Liu , Tayfun Gokmen , Tianyi Chen

Bias-scalable analog computing is attractive for implementing machine learning (ML) processors with distinct power-performance specifications. For instance, ML implementations for server workloads are focused on higher computational…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Pratik Kumar , Ankita Nandi , Shantanu Chakrabartty , Chetan Singh Thakur

Signal processing in wireless communications, such as precoding, detection, and channel estimation, are basically about solving inverse matrix problems, which, however, are slow and inefficient in conventional digital computers, thus…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-08 Pushen Zuo , Zhong Sun , Ru Huang

Analog compute-in-memory (CIM) in static random-access memory (SRAM) is promising for accelerating deep learning inference by circumventing the memory wall and exploiting ultra-efficient analog low-precision arithmetic. Latest analog CIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Zhiyu Chen , Ziyuan Wen , Weier Wan , Akhil Reddy Pakala , Yiwei Zou , Wei-Chen Wei , Zengyi Li , Yubei Chen , Kaiyuan Yang

Along with the progress of AI democratization, machine learning (ML) has been successfully applied to edge applications, such as smart phones and automated driving. Nowadays, more applications require ML on tiny devices with extremely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Yuhong Song , Edwin Hsing-Mean Sha , Qingfeng Zhuge , Rui Xu , Yongzhuo Zhang , Bingzhe Li , Lei Yang

Operations typically used in machine learning al-gorithms (e.g. adds and soft max) can be implemented bycompact analog circuits. Analog Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) designs that implement these algorithms using techniques…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Shih-Chii Liu , John Paul Strachan , Arindam Basu

The Kaczmarz method is widely recognized as an efficient iterative algorithm for solving large-scale linear systems, owing to its simplicity and low memory requirements. However, the development of its nonlinear extensions for solving…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Renjie Ding , Dongling Wang , Jun Zou

TMAC is a toolbox written in C++11 that implements algorithms based on a set of modern methods for large-scale optimization. It covers a variety of optimization problems, which can be both smooth and nonsmooth, convex and nonconvex, as well…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-06-16 Brent Edmunds , Zhimin Peng , Wotao Yin

Crossbar arrays of resistive memories (RRAM) hold the promise of enabling In-Memory Computing (IMC), but essential challenges due to the impact of device imperfection and device endurance have yet to be overcome. In this work, we…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-03-04 E. Esmanhotto , T. Hirtzlin , N. Castellani , S. Martin , B. Giraud , F. Andrieu , J. F. Nodin , D. Querlioz , J-M. Portal , E. Vianello

The demand for computation resources and energy efficiency of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) applications requires a new paradigm to overcome the "Memory Wall". Analog In-Memory Computing (AIMC) is a promising paradigm since it…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Nazareno Bruschi , Giuseppe Tagliavini , Angelo Garofalo , Francesco Conti , Irem Boybat , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

Crossbar-based in-memory computing (IMC) has emerged as a promising platform for hardware acceleration of deep neural networks (DNNs). However, the energy and latency of IMC systems are dominated by the large overhead of the peripheral…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Ethan G Rogers , Sohan Salahuddin Mugdho , Kshemal Kshemendra Gupte , Cheng Wang

Approximate computing (AC) leverages the inherent error resilience and is used in many big-data applications from various domains such as multimedia, computer vision, signal processing, and machine learning to improve systems performance…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Farah Ferdaus , B. M. S. Bahar Talukder , Md Tauhidur Rahman

The recent push for post-Moore computer architectures has introduced a wide variety of application-specific accelerators. One particular accelerator, the resistance network analogue, has been well received due to its ability to efficiently…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Jeff Anderson , Engin Kayraklioglu , Vikram Narayana , Volker Sorger , Tarek El-Ghazawi

Compute in-memory (CIM) is a promising technique that minimizes data transport, the primary performance bottleneck and energy cost of most data intensive applications. This has found wide-spread adoption in accelerating neural networks for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Brian Crafton , Samuel Spetalnick , Gauthaman Murali , Tushar Krishna , Sung-Kyu Lim , Arijit Raychowdhury

Artificial intelligence (AI) models are currently driven by a significant upscaling of their complexity, with massive matrix-multiplication workloads representing the major computational bottleneck. In-memory computing (IMC) architectures…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shady Agwa , Yihan Pan , Georgios Papandroulidakis , Themis Prodromakis

The energy efficiency of analog computing-in-memory (ACIM) accelerator for recurrent neural networks, particularly long short-term memory (LSTM) network, is limited by the high proportion of nonlinear (NL) operations typically executed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Junyi Yang , Xinyu Luo , Ye Ke , Zheng Wang , Hongyang Shang , Shuai Dong , Zhengnan Fu , Xiaofeng Yang , Hongjie Liu , Arindam Basu

Analog in-memory computing (AIMC) is an energy-efficient alternative to digital architectures for accelerating machine learning and signal processing workloads. However, its energy efficiency is limited by the high energy cost of the column…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-16 Mihir Kavishwar , Naresh Shanbhag

The advent of memristive devices offers a promising avenue for efficient and scalable analog computing, particularly for linear algebra operations essential in various scientific and engineering applications. This paper investigates the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Jonathan Lin , Frank Barrows , Francesco Caravelli

Analog In-Memory Computing (AIMC) is emerging as a disruptive paradigm for heterogeneous computing, potentially delivering orders of magnitude better peak performance and efficiency over traditional digital signal processing architectures…

Sorting is a fundamental operation across numerous computational domains. Traditionally, this process involves transferring data from main memory to a processing unit for sorting, followed by writing the sorted data back to memory. This…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Narendra Singh Dhakad , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma