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Present day computers expend orders of magnitude more computational resources to perform various cognitive and perception related tasks that humans routinely perform everyday. This has recently resulted in a seismic shift in the field of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-12-22 Abhronil Sengupta , Kaushik Roy

Superconducting electronics are among the most promising alternatives to conventional CMOS technology thanks to the ultra-fast speed and ultra-high energy efficiency of the superconducting devices. Having a cryogenic control processor is…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Shamiul Alam , Dana S. Rampini , Bakhrom G. Oripov , Adam N. McCaughan , Ahmedullah Aziz

Spintronics, a transformative field of research, leverages the spin of electron to revolutionize electronic devices, offering significant advantages over traditional charge-based systems. This chapter highlights the critical role of novel…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-03 A. Sud , A. Kumar , M. Cubukcu

Recent studies have shown that nonlinear magnetization dynamics excited in nanostructured ferromagnets are applicable to brain-inspired computing such as physical reservoir computing. The previous works have utilized the magnetization…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-06-26 Tomohiro Taniguchi , Amon Ogihara , Yasuhiro Utsumi , Sumito Tsunegi

Today, almost all information processing is performed using electronic logic circuits operating with up to several gigahertz frequency. All-optical logic, however, that holds the promise to allow up to three orders of magnitude higher speed…

Memristors are non-volatile nano-resistors. Their resistance can be tuned by applied currents or voltages and set to a large number of levels between two limit values. Thanks to these properties, memristors are ideal building blocks for a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-05-26 Steven Lequeux , Joao Sampaio , Vincent Cros , Kay Yakushiji , Akio Fukushima , Rie Matsumoto , Hitoshi Kubota , Shinji Yuasa , Julie Grollier

Stateful logic is a digital processing-in-memory technique that could address von Neumann memory bottleneck challenges while maintaining backward compatibility with standard von Neumann architectures. In stateful logic, memory cells are…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Barak Hoffer , Nicolás Wainstein , Christopher M. Neumann , Eric Pop , Eilam Yalon , Shahar Kvatinsky

Memristors have been suggested as a novel route to neuromorphic computing based on the similarity between neurons (synapses and ion pumps) and memristors. The D.C. action of the memristor is a current spike, which we think will be fruitful…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-02-18 Ella Gale , Ben de Lacy Costello , Andrew Adamatzky

Spin-based logic devices could operate at very high speed with very low energy consumption and hold significant promise for quantum information processing and metrology. Here, an in-house developed, experimentally verified, ensemble…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-01-03 B. Thorpe , K. Kalna , F. C. Langbein , S Schirmer

We treat the spin injection and extraction via a ferromagnetic metal/semiconductor Schottky barrier as a quantum scattering problem. This enables the theory to explain a number of phenomena involving spin-dependent current through the…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-02-20 L. Cywinski , H. Dery , P. Dalal , L. J. Sham

The concept of low-voltage depletion and accumulation of electron charge in semiconductors, utilized in field-effect transistors (FETs), is one of the cornerstones of current information processing technologies. Spintronics which is based…

In this article we present an implementation of non-monotonic reasoning in an embedded system. As a part of an autonomous motor-glider, it simulates piloting decisions of an airplane. A real pilot must take care not only about the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-23 José Luis Vilchis Medina , Pierre Siegel , Vincent Risch , Andrei Doncescu

With the advancement of synthetic biology, several new tools have been conceptualized over the years as alternative treatments for current medical procedures. Most of those applications are applied to various chronic diseases. This work…

Reversible logic has come to the forefront of theoretical and applied research today. Although many researchers are investigating techniques to synthesize reversible combinational logic, there is little work in the area of sequential…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-07-29 Md. Selim Al Mamun , Indrani Mandal , Md. Hasanuzzaman

A new spintronic nonvolatile memory cell analogous to 1T DRAM with non-destructive read is proposed. The cells can be used as neural computing units. A dual-circuit neural network architecture is proposed to leverage these devices against…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Andrew W. Stephan , Qiuwen Lou , Michael Niemier , X. Sharon Hu , Steven J. Koester

We present a feasibility study of logic circuits utilizing spin waves for information transmission and processing. As an alternative approach to the transistor-based architecture, logic circuits with spin wave bus do not use charge as an…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 Alexander Khitun , Dmitri E. Nikonov , Mingqiang Bao , Kosmas Galatsis , Kang L. Wang

Long carrier spin lifetimes are a double-edged sword for the prospect of constructing "spintronic" logic devices: Preservation of the logic variable within the transport channel or interconnect is essential to successful completion of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-05-11 Ian Appelbaum , Pengke Li

Transparent Conductors (TCs) exhibit optical transparency and electron conductivity, and are essential for many opto-electronic and photo-voltaic devices. The most common TCs are electron-doped oxides, which have few limitations when…

Emerging two-dimensional (2D) magnetic semiconductors represent transformative platforms to explore magneto-optics and opto-spintronic applications. Though 2D opto-spintronics has attracted tremendous research efforts in spin-dependent…

Nanomagnetic logic has emerged as a potential replacement for traditional CMOS-based logic because of superior energy-efficiency. One implementation of nanomagnetic logic employs shape-anisotropic (e.g. elliptical) ferromagnets (with two…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-10-12 M. Salehi-Fashami , M. Al-Rashid , Wei-Yang Sun , P. Nordeen , S. Bandyopadhyay , A. C. Chavez , G. P. Carman , J. Atulasimha