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Large Language Models (LLMs) often excel in specific domains but fall short in others due to the limitations of their training. Thus, enabling LLMs to solve problems collaboratively by integrating their complementary knowledge promises to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Ziyao Wang , Muneeza Azmat , Ang Li , Raya Horesh , Mikhail Yurochkin

Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit Context Faithfulness Hallucinations, where outputs deviate from retrieved information due to incomplete context integration. Our analysis reveals a strong correlation between token-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yanwen Huang , Yong Zhang , Ning Cheng , Zhitao Li , Shaojun Wang , Jing Xiao

The immense amount of daily generated and communicated data presents unique challenges in their processing. Clustering, the grouping of data without the presence of ground-truth labels, is an important tool for drawing inferences from data.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-08 Panagiotis A. Traganitis , Georgios B. Giannakis

Humans draw to facilitate reasoning: we draw auxiliary lines when solving geometry problems; we mark and circle when reasoning on maps; we use sketches to amplify our ideas and relieve our limited-capacity working memory. However, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yushi Hu , Weijia Shi , Xingyu Fu , Dan Roth , Mari Ostendorf , Luke Zettlemoyer , Noah A Smith , Ranjay Krishna

Cognitive diagnosis (CD) plays a crucial role in intelligent education, evaluating students' comprehension of knowledge concepts based on their test histories. However, current CD methods often model students, exercises, and knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Weiming Zhang , Lingyue Fu , Qingyao Li , Kounianhua Du , Jianghao Lin , Jingwei Yu , Wei Xia , Weinan Zhang , Ruiming Tang , Yong Yu

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) are primarily based on large-scale dense matrix multiplications. Inspired by the brain's information processing mechanism, we explore the fundamental question: how to effectively integrate the brain's…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Han Xu , Xuerui Qiu , Baiyu Chen , Xinhao Luo , Xingrun Xing , Jiahong Zhang , Bo Lei , Tiejun Huang , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Language models (LMs) can generate code but cannot guarantee its correctness$\unicode{x2014}$often producing outputs that violate type safety, program invariants, or other semantic properties. Constrained decoding offers a solution by…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Shaan Nagy , Timothy Zhou , Nadia Polikarpova , Loris D'Antoni

Code Large Language Models (Code LLMs) have been increasingly used by developers to boost productivity, but they often generate vulnerable code. Thus, there is an urgent need to ensure that code generated by Code LLMs is correct and secure.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yanjun Fu , Ethan Baker , Yu Ding , Yizheng Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in supporting decision-making applications, particularly as personal assistants in the financial, healthcare, and legal domains. While prompt engineering strategies have enhanced the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yougang Lyu , Shijie Ren , Yue Feng , Zihan Wang , Zhumin Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Maarten de Rijke

This paper introduces Multimodal Speculative Decoding (MSD) to accelerate Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) inference. Speculative decoding has been shown to accelerate Large Language Models (LLMs) without sacrificing accuracy.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Luxi Lin , Zhihang Lin , Zhanpeng Zeng , Rongrong Ji

Language models of code (LMs) work well when the surrounding code provides sufficient context. This is not true when it becomes necessary to use types, functionality or APIs defined elsewhere in the repository or a linked library,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Lakshya A Agrawal , Aditya Kanade , Navin Goyal , Shuvendu K. Lahiri , Sriram K. Rajamani

Recently, there is a growing interest in creating computer-aided design (CAD) models based on user intent, known as controllable CAD generation. Existing work offers limited controllability and needs separate models for different types of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhanwei Zhang , Shizhao Sun , Wenxiao Wang , Deng Cai , Jiang Bian

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at visual understanding, they often struggle in complex scenarios that require visual planning and imagination. Inspired by how humans use sketching as a form of visual thinking to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Huanyu Zhang , Wenshan Wu , Chengzu Li , Ning Shang , Yan Xia , Yangyu Huang , Yifan Zhang , Li Dong , Zhang Zhang , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan , Furu Wei

Speculative decoding accelerates large language model (LLM) inference by using a lightweight draft model to propose tokens that are later verified by a stronger target model. While effective in centralized systems, its behavior in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jingwei Song , Wanyi Chen , Xinyuan Song , Max , Chris Tong , Gufeng Chen , Tianyi Zhao , Eric Yang , Bill Shi , Lynn Ai

How to edit the knowledge in multi-step reasoning has become the major challenge in the knowledge editing (KE) of large language models (LLMs). The difficulty arises because the hallucinations of LLMs during multi-step reasoning often lead…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yiwei Wang , Muhao Chen , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate significant progress in multimodal understanding and reasoning, yet object hallucination remains a critical challenge. While existing research focuses on mitigating language priors or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yuxuan Xia , Siheng Wang , Peng Li

Constrained decoding approaches aim to control the meaning or style of text generated by the pre-trained large language models (LLMs or also PLMs) for various tasks at inference time. However, these methods often guide plausible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Chen Xu , Tian Lan , Yu Ji , Changlong Yu , Wei Wang , Jun Gao , Qunxi Dong , Kun Qian , Piji Li , Wei Bi , Bin Hu

Code editing constitutes a fundamental practice in software development, wherein developers modify existing codebases according to natural language requirements. Accurate code editing necessitates a comprehensive understanding of both the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Chaozheng Wang , Zezhou Yang , Shuzheng Gao , Cuiyun Gao , Zongjie Li , Yichen Li , Ting Peng , Hailiang Huang , Yuetang Deng , Michael R. Lyu

Large Language Models prompting, such as using in-context demonstrations, is a mainstream technique for invoking LLMs to perform high-performance and solid complex reasoning (e.g., mathematical reasoning, commonsense reasoning), and has the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Zhicheng Yang , Yinya Huang , Jing Xiong , Liang Feng , Xiaodan Liang , Yiwei Wang , Jing Tang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, but their outputs can sometimes be unreliable or factually incorrect. To address this, we introduce Self Logits Evolution Decoding (SLED), a novel decoding framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Jianyi Zhang , Da-Cheng Juan , Cyrus Rashtchian , Chun-Sung Ferng , Heinrich Jiang , Yiran Chen