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We frame Question Answering (QA) as a Reinforcement Learning task, an approach that we call Active Question Answering. We propose an agent that sits between the user and a black box QA system and learns to reformulate questions to elicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Christian Buck , Jannis Bulian , Massimiliano Ciaramita , Wojciech Gajewski , Andrea Gesmundo , Neil Houlsby , Wei Wang

Product question answering (PQA), aiming to automatically provide instant responses to customer's questions in E-Commerce platforms, has drawn increasing attention in recent years. Compared with typical QA problems, PQA exhibits unique…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Yang Deng , Wenxuan Zhang , Qian Yu , Wai Lam

Automatic question answering is an important yet challenging task in E-commerce given the millions of questions posted by users about the product that they are interested in purchasing. Hence, there is a great demand for automatic answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Anand A. Rajasekar , Nikesh Garera

We analyze the language learned by an agent trained with reinforcement learning as a component of the ActiveQA system [Buck et al., 2017]. In ActiveQA, question answering is framed as a reinforcement learning task in which an agent sits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-24 Christian Buck , Jannis Bulian , Massimiliano Ciaramita , Wojciech Gajewski , Andrea Gesmundo , Neil Houlsby , Wei Wang

Recently, Product Question Answering (PQA) on E-Commerce platforms has attracted increasing attention as it can act as an intelligent online shopping assistant and improve the customer shopping experience. Its key function, automatic answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Yang Deng , Yaliang Li , Wenxuan Zhang , Bolin Ding , Wai Lam

Spoken Question Answering (QA) is a key feature of voice assistants, usually backed by multiple QA systems. Users ask questions via spontaneous speech which can contain disfluencies, errors, and informal syntax or phrasing. This is a major…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Pedro Faustini , Zhiyu Chen , Besnik Fetahu , Oleg Rokhlenko , Shervin Malmasi

Consumers on a shopping mission often leverage both product search and information seeking systems, such as web search engines and Question Answering (QA) systems, in an iterative process to improve their understanding of available products…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Saar Kuzi , Shervin Malmasi

Replying to formal emails is time-consuming and cognitively demanding, as it requires crafting polite phrasing and providing an adequate response to the sender's demands. Although systems with Large Language Models (LLMs) were designed to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Yusuke Miura , Chi-Lan Yang , Masaki Kuribayashi , Keigo Matsumoto , Hideaki Kuzuoka , Shigeo Morishima

We propose a practical instant question answering (QA) system on product pages of ecommerce services, where for each user query, relevant community question answer (CQA) pairs are retrieved. User queries and CQA pairs differ significantly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Happy Mittal , Aniket Chakrabarti , Belhassen Bayar , Animesh Anant Sharma , Nikhil Rasiwasia

Identifying whether two product listings refer to the same Stock Keeping Unit (SKU) is a persistent challenge in ecommerce, especially when explicit identifiers are missing and product names vary widely across platforms. Rule based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Wonduk Seo , Taesub Shin , Hyunjin An , Dokyun Kim , Seunghyun Lee

In this paper, we present a coarse to fine question answering (CFQA) system based on reinforcement learning which can efficiently processes documents with different lengths by choosing appropriate actions. The system is designed using an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Yu Wang , Hongxia Jin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities, particularly in the domain of question answering (QA). However, their effectiveness in QA is often undermined by the vagueness of user questions. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Junhao Chen , Bowen Wang , Zhouqiang Jiang , Yuta Nakashima

Motivated by the emerging demand in the financial industry for the automatic analysis of unstructured and structured data at scale, Question Answering (QA) systems can provide lucrative and competitive advantages to companies by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Bithiah Yuan

Question answering (QA) has become an important application in the advanced development of large language models. General pre-trained large language models for question-answering are not trained to properly understand the knowledge or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Sanat Sharma , David Seunghyun Yoon , Franck Dernoncourt , Dewang Sultania , Karishma Bagga , Mengjiao Zhang , Trung Bui , Varun Kotte

The dependency between an adequate question formulation and correct answer selection is a very intriguing but still underexplored area. In this paper, we show that question rewriting (QR) of the conversational context allows to shed more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Svitlana Vakulenko , Shayne Longpre , Zhucheng Tu , Raviteja Anantha

We present AliMe Assist, an intelligent assistant designed for creating an innovative online shopping experience in E-commerce. Based on question answering (QA), AliMe Assist offers assistance service, customer service, and chatting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-17 Feng-Lin Li , Minghui Qiu , Haiqing Chen , Xiongwei Wang , Xing Gao , Jun Huang , Juwei Ren , Zhongzhou Zhao , Weipeng Zhao , Lei Wang , Guwei Jin , Wei Chu

Inability of the naive users to formulate appropriate queries is a fundamental problem in web search engines. Therefore, assisting users to issue more effective queries is an important way to improve users' happiness. One effective approach…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Amir H. Jadidinejad

Voice assistants have become ubiquitous in smart devices allowing users to instantly access information via voice questions. While extensive research has been conducted in question answering for voice search, little attention has been paid…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Besnik Fetahu , Nachshon Cohen , Elad Haramaty , Liane Lewin-Eytan , Oleg Rokhlenko , Shervin Malmasi

This paper presents a new approach to form-filling by reformulating the task as multimodal natural language Question Answering (QA). The reformulation is achieved by first translating the elements on the GUI form (text fields, buttons,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Larry Heck , Simon Heck , Anirudh Sundar

Recent advancements in Large Language Models and Retrieval-Augmented Generation have boosted interest in domain-specific question-answering for enterprise products. However, AI Assistants often face challenges in multi-product QA settings,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Parshin Shojaee , Sai Sree Harsha , Dan Luo , Akash Maharaj , Tong Yu , Yunyao Li
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