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In modern scientific experiments, we frequently encounter data that have large dimensions, and in some experiments, such high dimensional data arrive sequentially rather than full data being available all at a time. We develop multiple…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-09 Rahul Roy , Shyamal K. De , Subir Kumar Bhandari

Independence testing is a classical statistical problem that has been extensively studied in the batch setting when one fixes the sample size before collecting data. However, practitioners often prefer procedures that adapt to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-21 Aleksandr Podkopaev , Patrick Blöbaum , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan , Aaditya Ramdas

Background: Experimental treatments pass through various stages of development. If a treatment passes through early phase experiments, the investigators may want to assess it in a late phase randomised controlled trial. An efficient way to…

Diagnostic accuracy studies assess sensitivity and specificity of a new index test in relation to an established comparator or the reference standard. The development and selection of the index test is usually assumed to be conducted prior…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-30 Max Westphal , Antonia Zapf

In contemporary research, data scientists often test an infinite sequence of hypotheses $H_1,H_2,\ldots$ one by one, and are required to make real-time decisions without knowing the future hypotheses or data. In this paper, we consider such…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-16 Lasse Fischer , Aaditya Ramdas

Motivation: While the analysis of a single RNA sequencing (RNAseq) dataset has been well described in the literature, modern research workflows often have additional complexity in that related RNAseq experiments are performed sequentially…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-06-07 Lathan Liou , Milena Hornburg , David S. Robertson

When hypotheses are tested in a stream and real-time decision-making is needed, online sequential hypothesis testing procedures are needed. Furthermore, these hypotheses are commonly partitioned into groups by their nature. For example, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-05 Runqiu Wang , Ran Dai

We propose a new framework for online testing of heterogeneous treatment effects. The proposed test, named sequential score test (SST), is able to control type I error under continuous monitoring and detect multi-dimensional heterogeneous…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-11 Miao Yu , Wenbin Lu , Rui Song

In hypothesis testing, a false discovery occurs when a hypothesis is incorrectly rejected due to noise in the sample. When adaptively testing multiple hypotheses, the probability of a false discovery increases as more tests are performed.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-22 Wanrong Zhang , Gautam Kamath , Rachel Cummings

We introduce a general methodology for post hoc inference in a large-scale multiple testing framework. The approach is called "user-agnostic" in the sense that the statistical guarantee on the number of correct rejections holds for any set…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Gilles Blanchard , Pierre Neuvial , Etienne Roquain

The most popular multiple testing procedures are stepwise procedures based on $P$-values for individual test statistics. Included among these are the false discovery rate (FDR) controlling procedures of Benjamini--Hochberg [J. Roy. Statist.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-06-18 Arthur Cohen , Harold B. Sackrowitz , Minya Xu

Consider the problem of simultaneously testing null hypotheses H_1,...,H_s. The usual approach to dealing with the multiplicity problem is to restrict attention to procedures that control the familywise error rate (FWER), the probability of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 E. L. Lehmann , Joseph P. Romano

Familywise error rate (FWER) has been a cornerstone in simultaneous inference for decades, and the classical Bonferroni method has been one of the most prominent frequentist approaches for controlling FWER. The present article studies the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Monitirtha Dey , Subir Kumar Bhandari

In many scenarios such as genome-wide association studies where dependences between variables commonly exist, it is often of interest to infer the interaction effects in the model. However, testing pairwise interactions among millions of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-02 Jingyi Duan , Yang Ning , Xi Chen , Yong Chen

We propose sequential multiple testing procedures which control the false discover rate (FDR) or the positive false discovery rate (pFDR) under arbitrary dependence between the data streams. This is accomplished by "optimizing" an upper…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-27 Michael Hankin , Jay Bartroff

We study online multiple testing with feedback, where decisions are made sequentially and the true state of the hypothesis is revealed after the decision has been made, either instantly or with a delay. We propose GAIF, a feedback-enhanced…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-14 Lin Lu , Yuyang Huo , Haojie Ren , Zhaojun Wang , Changliang Zou

Hypothesis testing is a key part of empirical science and multiple testing as well as the combination of evidence from several tests are continued areas of research. In this article we consider the problem of combining the results of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-15 Phillip B. Mogensen , Bo Markussen

Recent tools for interactive data exploration significantly increase the chance that users make false discoveries. The crux is that these tools implicitly allow the user to test a large body of different hypotheses with just a few clicks…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Zheguang Zhao , Lorenzo De Stefani , Emanuel Zgraggen , Carsten Binnig , Eli Upfal , Tim Kraska

We study the problems of sequential nonparametric two-sample and independence testing. Sequential tests process data online and allow using observed data to decide whether to stop and reject the null hypothesis or to collect more data,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-21 Aleksandr Podkopaev , Aaditya Ramdas

Empirical research in the social and medical sciences frequently involves testing multiple hypotheses simultaneously, increasing the risk of false positives due to chance. Classical multiple testing procedures, such as the Bonferroni…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-07-29 Sebastian Calonico , Sebastian Galiani