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As the semiconductor industry has shifted to a fabless paradigm, the risk of hardware Trojans being inserted at various stages of production has also increased. Recently, there has been a growing trend toward the use of machine learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Rahul Vishwakarma , Amin Rezaei

There are increasing concerns about possible malicious modifications of integrated circuits (ICs) used in critical applications. Such attacks are often referred to as hardware Trojans. While many techniques focus on hardware Trojan…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Tony F. Wu , Karthik Ganesan , Yunqing Alexander Hu , H. -S. Philip Wong , Simon Wong , Subhasish Mitra

Chip manufacturing is a complex process, and to achieve a faster time to market, an increasing number of untrusted third-party tools and designs from around the world are being utilized. The use of these untrusted third party intellectual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Kiran Thorat , Amit Hasan , Caiwen Ding , Zhijie Shi

Hardware trojan detection methods, based on machine learning (ML) techniques, mainly identify suspected circuits but lack the ability to explain how the decision was arrived at. An explainable methodology and architecture is introduced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Paul Whitten , Francis Wolff , Chris Papachristou

This paper presents a method for hardware trojan detection in integrated circuits. Unsupervised deep learning is used to classify wide field-of-view (4x4 mm$^2$), high spatial resolution magnetic field images taken using a Quantum Diamond…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Maitreyi Ashok , Matthew J. Turner , Ronald L. Walsworth , Edlyn V. Levine , Anantha P. Chandrakasan

With the rising popularity of machine learning and the ever increasing demand for computational power, there is a growing need for hardware optimized implementations of neural networks and other machine learning models. As the technology…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-18 Joseph Clements , Yingjie Lao

Hardware Trojans (HTs) have become a serious problem, and extermination of them is strongly required for enhancing the security and safety of integrated circuits. An effective solution is to identify HTs at the gate level via machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Kento Hasegawa , Seira Hidano , Kohei Nozawa , Shinsaku Kiyomoto , Nozomu Togawa

With the globalization of the semiconductor manufacturing process, electronic devices are powerless against malicious modification of hardware in the supply chain. The ever-increasing threat of hardware Trojan attacks against integrated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Kyle Worley , Md Tauhidur Rahman

The commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) component based ecosystem provides an attractive system design paradigm due to the drastic reduction in development time and cost compared to custom solutions. However, it brings in a growing concern of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Mahmudul Hasan , Jonathan Cruz , Prabuddha Chakraborty , Swarup Bhunia , Tamzidul Hoque

Hardware trojans are malicious circuits which compromise the functionality and security of an integrated circuit (IC). These circuits are manufactured directly into the silicon and cannot be fixed by security patches like software. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Paul Whitten , Francis Wolff , Chris Papachristou

A major security threat to an integrated circuit (IC) design is the Hardware Trojan attack which is a malicious modification of the design. Previously several papers have investigated into side-channel analysis to detect the presence of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Samir R Katte , Keith E Fernandez

The use of third-party IP cores in implementing applications in FPGAs has given rise to the threat of malicious alterations through the insertion of hardware Trojans. To address this threat, it is important to predict the way hardware…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Ash Luft , Mihai Sima , Michael McGuire

Hardware Trojans (HTs) have drawn more and more attention in both academia and industry because of its significant potential threat. In this paper, we proposed a novel HT detection method using information entropy based clustering, named…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Renjie Lu , Haihua Shen , Feng Zhang , Huawei Li , Wei Zhao , Xiaowei Li

Semiconductor design houses are increasingly becoming dependent on third party vendors to procure intellectual property (IP) and meet time-to-market constraints. However, these third party IPs cannot be trusted as hardware Trojans can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Adib Nahiyan , Mehdi Sadi , Rahul Vittal , Gustavo Contreras , Domenic Forte , Mark Tehranipoor

Recently, it has been shown that deep learning models are vulnerable to Trojan attacks, where an attacker can install a backdoor during training time to make the resultant model misidentify samples contaminated with a small trigger patch.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Haripriya Harikumar , Vuong Le , Santu Rana , Sourangshu Bhattacharya , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh

This paper reports a novel approach that uses transistor aging in an integrated circuit (IC) to detect hardware Trojans. When a transistor is aged, it results in delays along several paths of the IC. This increase in delay results in timing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Virinchi Roy Surabhi , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Hussam Amrouch , Kanad Basu , Jörg Henkel , Ramesh Karri , Farshad Khorrami

Artificial Intelligence (AI) relies heavily on deep learning - a technology that is becoming increasingly popular in real-life applications of AI, even in the safety-critical and high-risk domains. However, it is recently discovered that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Jie Wang , Ghulam Mubashar Hassan , Naveed Akhtar

Economic and operational advantages have led the supply chain of printed circuit boards (PCBs) to incorporate various untrusted entities. Any of the untrusted entities are capable of introducing malicious alterations to facilitate a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Tamzidul Hoque , Shuo Yang , Aritra Bhattacharyay , Jonathan Cruz , Swarup Bhunia

Hardware Trojans are malicious modifications in digital designs that can be inserted by untrusted supply chain entities. Hardware Trojans can give rise to diverse attack vectors such as information leakage (e.g. MOLES Trojan) and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Tanzim Mahfuz , Pravin Gaikwad , Tasneem Suha , Swarup Bhunia , Prabuddha Chakraborty

Hardware Trojan detection and protection is becoming more crucial as more untrusted third parties manufacture many parts of critical systems nowadays. The most common way to detect hardware Trojans is comparing the untrusted design with a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-11-06 Amr Alanwar , Mona A. Aboelnaga , Yousra Alkabani , M. Watheq El-Kharashi , Hassan Bedour
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