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In many real-world settings, agents must learn from an offline dataset gathered by some prior behavior policy. Such a setting naturally leads to distribution shift between the behavior policy and the target policy being trained - requiring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Matthew Thomas Jackson , Michael Tryfan Matthews , Cong Lu , Benjamin Ellis , Shimon Whiteson , Jakob Foerster

Diffusion-based models for robotic control, including vision-language-action (VLA) and vision-action (VA) policies, have demonstrated significant capabilities. Yet their advancement is constrained by the high cost of acquiring large-scale…

As robots become more integrated in society, their ability to coordinate with other robots and humans on multi-modal tasks (those with multiple valid solutions) is crucial. Such behaviors can be learned from expert demonstrations via…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Dayi Dong , Maulik Bhatt , Seoyeon Choi , Negar Mehr

Nature evolves creatures with a high complexity of morphological and behavioral intelligence, meanwhile computational methods lag in approaching that diversity and efficacy. Co-optimization of artificial creatures' morphology and control in…

Offline reinforcement learning enables sample-efficient policy acquisition without risky online interaction, yet policies trained on static datasets remain brittle under action-space perturbations such as actuator faults. This study…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Shingo Ayabe , Hiroshi Kera , Kazuhiko Kawamoto

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is widely used in continuous control due to its robustness and stable training, yet it remains sample-inefficient in tasks with expensive interactions and high-dimensional action spaces. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Tianci Gao , Konstantin A. Neusypin , Dmitry D. Dmitriev , Bo Yang , Shengren Rao

Many reinforcement learning (RL) tasks have discrete action spaces, but most generative policy methods based on diffusion and flow matching are designed for continuous control. Meanwhile, generative policies usually rely heavily on offline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Fairoz Nower Khan , Nabuat Zaman Nahim , Peizhong Ju

Most reinforcement learning practitioners evaluate their policies with online Monte Carlo estimators for either hyperparameter tuning or testing different algorithmic design choices, where the policy is repeatedly executed in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Shuze Liu , Shangtong Zhang

Behavioral cloning, or more broadly, learning from demonstrations (LfD) is a priomising direction for robot policy learning in complex scenarios. Albeit being straightforward to implement and data-efficient, behavioral cloning has its own…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Carl Qi , Edward Sun , Harry Zhang

Decision Transformer (DT), a trajectory modelling method, has shown competitive performance compared to traditional offline reinforcement learning (RL) approaches on various classic control tasks. However, it struggles to learn optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Xingshuai Huang , Di Wu , Benoit Boulet

The deployment of robot controllers is hindered by modeling discrepancies due to necessary simplifications for computational tractability or inaccuracies in data-generating simulators. Such discrepancies typically require ad-hoc tuning to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Lokesh Krishna , Sheng Cheng , Junheng Li , Naira Hovakimyan , Quan Nguyen

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) enables policy optimization from fixed datasets, making it suitable for safety-critical applications where online exploration is infeasible. However, these datasets are often contaminated by adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shriram Karpoora Sundara Pandian , Ali Baheri

Generalizing locomotion policies across diverse legged robots with varying morphologies is a key challenge due to differences in observation/action dimensions and system dynamics. In this work, we propose Multi-Loco, a novel unified…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Shunpeng Yang , Zhen Fu , Zhefeng Cao , Guo Junde , Patrick Wensing , Wei Zhang , Hua Chen

Diffusion-based imitation learning improves Behavioral Cloning (BC) on multi-modal decision-making, but comes at the cost of significantly slower inference due to the recursion in the diffusion process. It urges us to design efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Xixi Hu , Bo Liu , Xingchao Liu , Qiang Liu

Recent advance in deep offline reinforcement learning (RL) has made it possible to train strong robotic agents from offline datasets. However, depending on the quality of the trained agents and the application being considered, it is often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Seunghyun Lee , Younggyo Seo , Kimin Lee , Pieter Abbeel , Jinwoo Shin

Diffusion Policies have become widely used in Imitation Learning, offering several appealing properties, such as generating multimodal and discontinuous behavior. As models are becoming larger to capture more complex capabilities, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Moritz Reuss , Jyothish Pari , Pulkit Agrawal , Rudolf Lioutikov

Robots hold great promise for performing repetitive or hazardous tasks, but achieving human-like dexterity, especially in contact-rich and dynamic environments, remains challenging. Rigid robots, which rely on position or velocity control,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Malek Aburub , Cristian C. Beltran-Hernandez , Tatsuya Kamijo , Masashi Hamaya

The offline reinforcement learning (RL) setting (also known as full batch RL), where a policy is learned from a static dataset, is compelling as progress enables RL methods to take advantage of large, previously-collected datasets, much…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Justin Fu , Aviral Kumar , Ofir Nachum , George Tucker , Sergey Levine

Offline-to-online reinforcement learning (RL), by combining the benefits of offline pretraining and online finetuning, promises enhanced sample efficiency and policy performance. However, existing methods, effective as they are, suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Jianxiong Li , Xiao Hu , Haoran Xu , Jingjing Liu , Xianyuan Zhan , Ya-Qin Zhang

Redundant manipulators, with their higher Degrees of Freedom (DoFs), offer enhanced kinematic performance and versatility, making them suitable for applications like manufacturing, surgical robotics, and human-robot collaboration. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Xudong Mou , Xiaohan Zhang , Tiejun Wang , Tianyu Wo , Cangbai Xu , Ningbo Gu , Rui Wang , Xudong Liu