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Anomaly detection is crucial in the energy sector to identify irregular patterns indicating equipment failures, energy theft, or other issues. Machine learning techniques for anomaly detection have achieved great success, but are typically…

Federated learning (FL) provides an efficient paradigm to jointly train a global model leveraging data from distributed users. As local training data comes from different users who may not be trustworthy, several studies have shown that FL…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Chulin Xie , Yunhui Long , Pin-Yu Chen , Qinbin Li , Arash Nourian , Sanmi Koyejo , Bo Li

Federated learning is an essential distributed model training technique. However, threats such as gradient inversion attacks and poisoning attacks pose significant risks to the privacy of training data and the model correctness. We propose…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Zhihui Zhao , Xiaorong Dong , Yimo Ren , Jianhua Wang , Dan Yu , Hongsong Zhu , Yongle Chen

We introduce PureVQ-GAN, a defense against data poisoning that forces backdoor triggers through a discrete bottleneck using Vector-Quantized VAE with GAN discriminator. By quantizing poisoned images through a learned codebook, PureVQ-GAN…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Alexander Branch , Omead Pooladzandi , Radin Khosraviani , Sunay Gajanan Bhat , Jeffrey Jiang , Gregory Pottie

In federated learning, multiple client devices jointly learn a machine learning model: each client device maintains a local model for its local training dataset, while a master device maintains a global model via aggregating the local…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Minghong Fang , Xiaoyu Cao , Jinyuan Jia , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Non-IID data distribution across clients and poisoning attacks are two main challenges in real-world federated learning (FL) systems. While both of them have attracted great research interest with specific strategies developed, no known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Yueqi Xie , Weizhong Zhang , Renjie Pi , Fangzhao Wu , Qifeng Chen , Xing Xie , Sunghun Kim

Decentralized federated learning (DFL) enables clients (e.g., hospitals and banks) to jointly train machine learning models without a central orchestration server. In each global training round, each client trains a local model on its own…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yuqi Jia , Minghong Fang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a compelling paradigm for privacy-preserving distributed machine learning, allowing multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model by transmitting locally computed gradients to a central…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Hao Fang , Wenbo Yu , Bin Chen , Xuan Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Qing Liao , Ke Xu

Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and its variants serve as a perfect representation of the data generation model, providing researchers with a large amount of high-quality generated data. They illustrate a promising direction for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Yi Liu , Jialiang Peng , James J. Q Yu , Yi Wu

Although Deep Learning (DL) methods becoming increasingly popular in vulnerability detection, their performance is seriously limited by insufficient training data. This is mainly because few existing software organizations can maintain a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Peiheng Zhou , Ming Hu , Xingrun Quan , Yawen Peng , Xiaofei Xie , Yanxin Yang , Chengwei Liu , Yueming Wu , Mingsong Chen

Federated learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving collaborative model training but remains vulnerable to adversarial behaviors that compromise model utility or fairness across sensitive groups. While extensive studies have examined attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yanli Li , Yanan Zhou , Zhongliang Guo , Nan Yang , Yuning Zhang , Huaming Chen , Dong Yuan , Weiping Ding , Witold Pedrycz

Advances in distributed machine learning can empower future communications and networking. The emergence of federated learning (FL) has provided an efficient framework for distributed machine learning, which, however, still faces many…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Zhilin Wang , Qiao Kang , Xinyi Zhang , Qin Hu

Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning (PPFL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train models by submitting secreted model updates. Nonetheless, PPFL is vulnerable to data poisoning attacks due to its distributed training paradigm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Hongliang Zhang , Jiguo Yu , Fenghua Xu , Chunqiang Hu , Yongzhao Zhang , Xiaofen Wang , Zhongyuan Yu , Xiaosong Zhang

We introduce camouflaged data poisoning attacks, a new attack vector that arises in the context of machine unlearning and other settings when model retraining may be induced. An adversary first adds a few carefully crafted points to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Jimmy Z. Di , Jack Douglas , Jayadev Acharya , Gautam Kamath , Ayush Sekhari

Federated clustering (FC) is an essential extension of centralized clustering designed for the federated setting, wherein the challenge lies in constructing a global similarity measure without the need to share private data. Conventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Jie Yan , Jing Liu , Ji Qi , Zhong-Yuan Zhang

Unsupervised learning of anomaly detection in high-dimensional data, such as images, is a challenging problem recently subject to intense research. Through careful modelling of the data distribution of normal samples, it is possible to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Amanda Berg , Jörgen Ahlberg , Michael Felsberg

Existing model poisoning attacks to federated learning assume that an attacker has access to a large fraction of compromised genuine clients. However, such assumption is not realistic in production federated learning systems that involve…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Xiaoyu Cao , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Poisoning attacks compromise the training phase of federated learning (FL) such that the learned global model misclassifies attacker-chosen inputs called target inputs. Existing defenses mainly focus on protecting the training phase of FL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yuqi Jia , Minghong Fang , Hongbin Liu , Jinghuai Zhang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

In connected and autonomous vehicles, machine learning for safety message classification has become critical for detecting malicious or anomalous behavior. However, conventional approaches that rely on centralized data collection or purely…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Utku Demir , Yalin E. Sagduyu , Tugba Erpek , Hossein Jafari , Sastry Kompella , Mengran Xue

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning approach that maintains data privacy by training on decentralized data sources. Similar to centralized machine learning, FL is also susceptible to backdoor attacks, where an attacker…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Son Nguyen , Thinh Nguyen , Khoa D Doan , Kok-Seng Wong