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With increasing technology developments, there is a massive number of websites with varying purposes. But a particular type exists within this large collection, the so-called phishing sites which aim to deceive their users. The main…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Almaha Abuzuraiq , Mouhammd Alkasassbeh , Mohammad Almseidin

Phishing remains a critical cybersecurity threat, especially with the advent of large language models (LLMs) capable of generating highly convincing malicious content. Unlike earlier phishing attempts which are identifiable by grammatical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Deeksha Hareesha Kulal , Chidozie Princewill Arannonu , Afsah Anwar , Nidhi Rastogi , Quamar Niyaz

Phishing continues to be one of the most prevalent attack vectors, making accurate classification of phishing URLs essential. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising results in phishing URL detection. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Holly Trikilis , Pasindu Marasinghe , Fariza Rashid , Suranga Seneviratne

The way we communicate and work has changed significantly with the rise of the Internet. While it has opened up new opportunities, it has also brought about an increase in cyber threats. One common and serious threat is phishing, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Furkan Çolhak , Mert İlhan Ecevit , Bilal Emir Uçar , Reiner Creutzburg , Hasan Dağ

Many cyberattacks start with disseminating phishing URLs. When clicking these phishing URLs, the victim's private information is leaked to the attacker. There have been proposed several machine learning methods to detect phishing URLs.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Taeri Kim , Noseong Park , Jiwon Hong , Sang-Wook Kim

Anti-phishing aims to detect phishing content/documents in a pool of textual data. This is an important problem in cybersecurity that can help to guard users from fraudulent information. Natural language processing (NLP) offers a natural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-07 Minh Nguyen , Toan Nguyen , Thien Huu Nguyen

Browsers often include security features to detect phishing web pages. In the past, some browsers evaluated an unknown URL for inclusion in a list of known phishing pages. However, as the number of URLs and known phishing pages continued to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Pranav Maneriker , Jack W. Stokes , Edir Garcia Lazo , Diana Carutasu , Farid Tajaddodianfar , Arun Gururajan

Phishing attacks are a growing cybersecurity threat, leveraging deceptive techniques to steal sensitive information through malicious websites. To combat these attacks, this paper introduces PhishGuard, an optimal custom ensemble model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Md Sultanul Islam Ovi , Md. Hasibur Rahman , Mohammad Arif Hossain

Cybersecurity is one of the global issues because of the extensive dependence on cyber systems of individuals, industries, and organizations. Among the cyber attacks, phishing is increasing tremendously and affecting the global economy.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Md Robiul Islam , Md Mahamodul Islam , Mst. Suraiya Afrin , Anika Antara , Nujhat Tabassum , Al Amin

The widespread accessibility of the Internet has led to a surge in online fraudulent activities, underscoring the necessity of shielding users' sensitive information from cybercriminals. Phishing, a well-known cyberattack, revolves around…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Aditya Kulkarni , Vivek Balachandran , Dinil Mon Divakaran , Tamal Das

Recently, the development and implementation of phishing attacks require little technical skills and costs. This uprising has led to an ever-growing number of phishing attacks on the World Wide Web. Consequently, proactive techniques to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Chidimma Opara , Bo Wei , Yingke Chen

The growing sophistication of modern malware and phishing campaigns has diminished the effectiveness of traditional signature-based intrusion detection systems. This work presents SecureScan, an AI-driven, triple-layer detection framework…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Rumman Firdos , Aman Dangi

In the realm of cybersecurity, phishing stands as a prevalent cyber attack, where attackers employ various tactics to deceive users into gathering their sensitive information, potentially leading to identity theft or financial gain.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Aditya Kulkarni , Vivek Balachandran , Tamal Das

Phishing attacks are among emerging security issues that recently draws significant attention in the cyber security community. There are numerous existing approaches for phishing URL detection. However, malicious URL detection is still a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Pingfan Xu

Phishing attacks have become a serious and challenging issue for detection, explanation, and defense. Despite more than a decade of research on phishing, encompassing both technical and non-technical remedies, phishing continues to be a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Van Nguyen , Tingmin Wu , Xingliang Yuan , Marthie Grobler , Surya Nepal , Carsten Rudolph

Phishing sites continue to grow in volume and sophistication. Recent work leverages large language models (LLMs) to analyze URLs, HTML, and rendered content to decide whether a website is a phishing site. While these approaches are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Takashi Koide , Hiroki Nakano , Daiki Chiba

Phishing is an increasingly sophisticated method to steal personal user information using sites that pretend to be legitimate. In this paper, we take the following steps to identify phishing URLs. First, we carefully select lexical features…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Anh Le , Athina Markopoulou , Michalis Faloutsos

Phishing is a semantic attack which targets the user rather than the computer. It is a new Internet crime in comparison with other forms such as virus and hacking. Considering the damage phishing websites has caused to various economies by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Nancy C. Woods , Virtue Ene Agada , Adebola K. Ojo

To combat phishing attacks -- aimed at luring web users to divulge their sensitive information -- various phishing detection approaches have been proposed. As attackers focus on devising new tactics to bypass existing detection solutions,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Aditya Kulkarni , Shahil Manishbhai Patel , Shivam Pradip Tirmare , Vivek Balachandran , Tamal Das

In this paper, we present a general scheme for building reproducible and extensible datasets for website phishing detection. The aim is to (1) enable comparison of systems using different features, (2) overtake the short-lived nature of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Abdelhakim Hannousse , Salima Yahiouche