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Data imputation, the process of filling in missing feature elements for incomplete data sets, plays a crucial role in data-driven learning. A fundamental belief is that data imputation is helpful for learning performance, and it follows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ruikai Yang , Fan He , Mingzhen He , Kaijie Wang , Xiaolin Huang

Deep learning-based trajectory prediction models for autonomous driving often struggle with generalization to out-of-distribution (OOD) scenarios, sometimes performing worse than simple rule-based models. To address this limitation, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Jinning Li , Jiachen Li , Sangjae Bae , David Isele

It remains difficult to evaluate machine learning classifiers in the absence of a large, labeled dataset. While labeled data can be prohibitively expensive or impossible to obtain, unlabeled data is plentiful. Here, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Divya Shanmugam , Shuvom Sadhuka , Manish Raghavan , John Guttag , Bonnie Berger , Emma Pierson

E-commerce platforms should provide detailed product descriptions (attribute values) for effective product search and recommendation. However, attribute value information is typically not available for new products. To predict unseen…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Jiaying Gong , Hoda Eldardiry

Data mining and machine learning techniques such as classification and regression trees (CART) represent a promising alternative to conventional logistic regression for propensity score estimation. Whereas incomplete data preclude the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-26 Bas B. L. Penning de Vries , Maarten van Smeden , Rolf H. H. Groenwold

We study the domain adaptation problem with label shift in this work. Under the label shift context, the marginal distribution of the label varies across the training and testing datasets, while the conditional distribution of features…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-31 Qinglong Tian , Xin Zhang , Jiwei Zhao

We introduce RIPE, an innovative reinforcement learning-based framework for weakly-supervised training of a keypoint extractor that excels in both detection and description tasks. In contrast to conventional training regimes that depend…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Johannes Künzel , Anna Hilsmann , Peter Eisert

Deploying deep visual models can lead to performance drops due to the discrepancies between source and target distributions. Several approaches leverage labeled source data to estimate target domain accuracy, but accessing labeled source…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 JoonHo Lee , Jae Oh Woo , Hankyu Moon , Kwonho Lee

Out-of-distribution generalization in reinforcement learning is hard to diagnose when benchmark shifts mix dynamics, observations, goals, and rewards. We address this with Tape, a controlled benchmark that isolates latent rule-shift in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Enze Pan

In many machine learning problems, understanding variable importance is a central concern. Two common approaches are Permute-and-Predict (PaP), which randomly permutes a feature in a validation set, and Leave-One-Covariate-Out (LOCO), which…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Kelvyn K. Bladen , D. Richard Cutler , Alan Wisler

Positive Unlabeled (PU) learning is widely used in many applications, where a binary classifier is trained on the datasets consisting of only positive and unlabeled samples. In this paper, we improve PU learning over state-of-the-art from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Liwei Jiang , Dan Li , Qisheng Wang , Shuai Wang , Songtao Wang

We consider online prediction of a binary sequence with expert advice. For this setting, we devise label-efficient forecasting algorithms, which use a selective sampling scheme that enables collecting much fewer labels than standard…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-23 Rui M. Castro , Fredrik Hellström , Tim van Erven

Fault detection and diagnosis of electrical motors are of utmost importance in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of several industrial systems. Detection and diagnosis of faults at the incipient stage allows corrective actions to be…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-28 Sriram Anbalagan , Sai Shashank GP , Deepesh Agarwal , Balasubramaniam Natarajan , Babji Srinivasan

The ability to perform offline A/B-testing and off-policy learning using logged contextual bandit feedback is highly desirable in a broad range of applications, including recommender systems, search engines, ad placement, and personalized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Yi Su , Lequn Wang , Michele Santacatterina , Thorsten Joachims

Deep learning models perform poorly when domain shifts exist between training and test data. Test-time adaptation (TTA) is a paradigm to mitigate this issue by adapting pre-trained models using only unlabeled test samples. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Taeckyung Lee , Sorn Chottananurak , Junsu Kim , Jinwoo Shin , Taesik Gong , Sung-Ju Lee

In this study we provide empirical evidence demonstrating that the quality of training data impacts model performance in Human Pose Estimation (HPE). Inaccurate labels in widely used data sets, ranging from minor errors to severe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Arnold Schwarz , Levente Hernadi , Felix Bießmann , Kristian Hildebrand

The assumption that response and predictor belong to the same statistical unit may be violated in practice. Unbiased estimation and recovery of true label ordering based on unlabeled data are challenging tasks and have attracted increasing…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-24 Guanhua Fang , Ping Li

We propose an evaluation framework for class probability estimates (CPEs) in the presence of label uncertainty, which is commonly observed as diagnosis disagreement between experts in the medical domain. We also formalize evaluation metrics…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-23 Takahiro Mimori , Keiko Sasada , Hirotaka Matsui , Issei Sato

The expansion of machine learning into dynamic environments presents challenges in handling open-world problems where label shift, covariate shift, and unknown classes emerge. Post-training methods have been explored to address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Miru Kim , Mugon Joe , Minhae Kwon

Classification algorithms to mine data stream have been extensively studied in recent years. However, a lot of these algorithms are designed for supervised learning which requires labeled instances. Nevertheless, the labeling of the data is…

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