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We construct a family of second-order linear difference equations parametrized by the hypergeometric solution of the elliptic Painlev\'e equation (or higher-order analogues), and admitting a large family of monodromy-preserving…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2011-09-12 Eric M. Rains

We review non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems, polynomial in two dependent variables, with the property that all of their solutions are meromorphic functions in the complex plane. These are related to known Hamiltonian systems with the…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2026-05-21 Marta Dell'Atti , Thomas Kecker

In this paper, we study the second member of the second Painlev\'e hierarchy $P_{II}^{(2)}$. We show that the birational transformations take this equation to the polynomial Hamiltonian system in dimension four, and this Hamiltonian system…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2009-11-15 Yusuke Sasano

In a recent work difference equations (Laguerre-Freud equations) for the bi-orthogonal polynomials and related quantities corresponding to the weight on the unit circle $ w(z)=\prod^m_{j=1}(z-z_j(t))^{\rho_j} $ were derived.Here it is shown…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 P. J. Forrester , N. S. Witte

Special polynomials associated with rational solutions of the second Painlev'e equation and other equations of its hierarchy are studied. A new method, which allows one to construct each family of polynomials is presented. The structure of…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-26 Maria V. Demina , Nikolai A. Kudryashov

In this paper we propose a geometric approach to study Painlev\'e equations appearing as constrained systems of three first-order ordinary differential equations. We illustrate this approach on a system of three first-order differential…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-11-05 Galina Filipuk , Michele Graffeo , Giorgio Gubbiotti , Alexander Stokes

We consider several examples of nonautonomous systems of difference equations coming from semi-classical orthogonal polynomials via recurrence coefficients and ladder operators, with respect to various generalisations of Laguerre and…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2026-04-16 Anton Dzhamay , Galina Filipuk , Alexander Stokes

We study a sequence of polynomials orthogonal with respect to a one parameter family of weights $$ w(x):=w(x,t)=\rex^{-t/x}\:x^{\al}(1-x)^{\bt},\quad t\geq 0, $$ defined for $x\in[0,1].$ If $t=0,$ this reduces to a shifted Jacobi weight.…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2010-08-03 Yang Chen , Dan Dai

A series of systems of nonlinear equations with affine Weyl group symmetry of type $A^{(1)}_l$ is studied. This series gives a generalization of Painlev\'e equations $P_{IV}$ and $P_{V}$ to higher orders.

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Masatoshi Noumi , Yasuhiko Yamada

We find a two-parameter family of coupled Painlev\'e systems in dimension four with affine Weyl group symmetry of type $A_4^{(2)}$. For a degenerate system of $A_4^{(2)}$ system, we also find a one-parameter family of coupled Painlev\'e…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-12-08 Yusuke Sasano

This contribution deals with the sequence $\{\mathbb{U}_{n}^{(a)}(x;q,j)\}_{n\geq 0}$ of monic polynomials, orthogonal with respect to a Sobolev-type inner product related to the Al-Salam--Carlitz I orthogonal polynomials, and involving an…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-08-11 Carlos Hermoso , Edmundo J. Huertas , Alberto Lastra , Anier Soria-Lorente

The aim of this work is to study the existence of a periodic solutions of nth-order differential equations with delay d dt x(t) + d 2 dt 2 x(t) + d 3 dt 3 x(t) + ... + d n dt n x(t) = Ax(t) + L(xt) + f (t). Our approach is based on the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-26 Bahloul Rachid

We present a special solutions of the discrete Painlev\'e equations associated with $A_0^{(1)}$, $A_0^{(1)*}$ and $A_0^{(1)**}$-surface. These solutions can be expressed by solutions of linear difference equations. Here the…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-26 Mikio Murata , Hidetaka Sakai , Jin Yoneda

We propose a Bernoulli-barycentric rational matrix collocation method for two-dimensional evolutionary partial differential equations (PDEs) with variable coefficients that combines Bernoulli polynomials with barycentric rational…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-13 Wei-Hua Luo , Xian-Ming Gu , Bruno Carpentieri , Jun Guo

This paper has two primary contributions. First, we explore degenerate Sheffer-type polynomials, a hybrid of higher-order degenerate Bernoulli and Euler polynomials, and derive their properties. Second, assuming that the moment generating…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Taekyun Kim , Dae san Kim

We study the monic orthogonal polynomials with respect to a singularly perturbed Airy weight. By using Chen and Ismail's ladder operator approach, we derive a discrete system satisfied by the recurrence coefficients for the orthogonal…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2024-03-28 Chao Min , Yuan Cheng

We show that the discrete Painlev\'e-type equations arising from quantum minimal surfaces are equations for recurrence coefficients of orthogonal polynomials for indefinite hermitian products. As a consequence, we obtain an explicit formula…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Giovanni Felder , Jens Hoppe

I present a $q$-analog of the discrete Painlev\'e I equation, and a special realization of it in terms of $q$-orthogonal polynomials.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 F. W. Nijhoff

We study the dependence of recurrence coefficients in the three-term recurrence relation for orthogonal polynomials with a certain deformation of the $q$-Laguerre weight on the degree parameter $n$. We show that this dependence is described…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-12-18 Jie Hu , Anton Dzhamay , Yang Chen

In this paper, we first give formulas for the order polynomial $\Omega (\Pw; t)$ and the Eulerian polynomial $e(\Pw; \lambda)$ of a finite labeled poset $(P, \omega)$ using the adjacency matrix of what we call the $\omega$-graph of $(P,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 John Shareshian , David Wright , Wenhua Zhao