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Large audio-video language models can generate descriptions for both video and audio. However, they sometimes ignore audio content, producing audio descriptions solely reliant on visual information. This paper refers to this as audio…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Taichi Nishimura , Shota Nakada , Masayoshi Kondo

Large Language Models (LLMs) are claimed to be capable of Natural Language Inference (NLI), necessary for applied tasks like question answering and summarization. We present a series of behavioral studies on several LLM families (LLaMA,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Nick McKenna , Tianyi Li , Liang Cheng , Mohammad Javad Hosseini , Mark Johnson , Mark Steedman

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have made significant progress in recent years. While LVLMs exhibit excellent ability in language understanding, question answering, and conversations of visual inputs, they are prone to producing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Qing Li , Jiahui Geng , Chenyang Lyu , Derui Zhu , Maxim Panov , Fakhri Karray

Large-language models (LLMs) have been shown to respond in a variety of ways for classification tasks outside of question-answering. LLM responses are sometimes called "hallucinations" since the output is not what is ex pected. Memorization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 John E. Ortega , Dhruv D. Joshi , Matt P. Borkowski

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been shown to deliver impressive performance in various NLP tasks. To tackle multi-step reasoning tasks, few-shot chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting includes a few manually crafted step-by-step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Lei Wang , Wanyu Xu , Yihuai Lan , Zhiqiang Hu , Yunshi Lan , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Ee-Peng Lim

Many recent studies have shown the ability of large language models (LLMs) to achieve state-of-the-art performance on many NLP tasks, such as question answering, text summarization, coding, and translation. In some cases, the results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Elnara Galimzhanova , Cristina Ioana Muntean , Franco Maria Nardini , Raffaele Perego , Guido Rocchietti

Hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) present a growing challenge across real-world applications, from healthcare to law, where factual reliability is essential. Despite advances in alignment and instruction tuning, LLMs can still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Makoto Sato

Multilingual large language models (MLLMs), trained on multilingual balanced data, demonstrate better zero-shot learning performance in non-English languages compared to large language models trained on English-dominant data. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Hwichan Kim , Jun Suzuki , Tosho Hirasawa , Mamoru Komachi

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly those trained on multilingual corpora, has intensified the need for a deeper understanding of their performance across a diverse range of languages and model sizes. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Rhitabrat Pokharel , Sina Bagheri Nezhad , Ameeta Agrawal , Suresh Singh

Recent studies have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can improve their reasoning performance through self-generated few-shot examples, achieving results comparable to manually curated in-context examples. However, the underlying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Daehoon Gwak , Minseo Jung , Junwoo Park , Minho Park , ChaeHun Park , Junha Hyung , Jaegul Choo

Hallucination has emerged as a significant barrier to the effective application of Large Language Models (LLMs). In this work, we introduce a novel Attention-Guided SElf-Reflection (AGSER) approach for zero-shot hallucination detection in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Qiang Liu , Xinlong Chen , Yue Ding , Bowen Song , Weiqiang Wang , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are set to transform how machines process and generate human-like responses by integrating diverse modalities such as text, images, and code. Yet, effectively harnessing their capabilities hinges on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Anwesha Mohanty , Venkatesh Balavadhani Parthasarathy , Arsalan Shahid

Prompting language models (LMs) with training examples and task descriptions has been seen as critical to recent successes in few-shot learning. In this work, we show that finetuning LMs in the few-shot setting can considerably reduce the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Robert L. Logan , Ivana Balažević , Eric Wallace , Fabio Petroni , Sameer Singh , Sebastian Riedel

Despite their powerful chat, coding, and reasoning abilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently hallucinate. Conventional wisdom suggests that hallucinations are a consequence of a balance between creativity and factuality, which can…

In recent studies, the extensive utilization of large language models has underscored the importance of robust evaluation methodologies for assessing text generation quality and relevance to specific tasks. This has revealed a prevalent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Patanjali Bhamidipati , Advaith Malladi , Manish Shrivastava , Radhika Mamidi

Recently, there has been increased interest in Small Language Models (SLMs), which are fast, show good performance, and have lower hardware demands than large language models (LLMs). However, SLMs hallucinate more frequently than LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Saptarshi Sengupta , Suhang Wang

Hallucinations, the tendency for large language models to provide responses with factually incorrect and unsupported claims, is a serious problem within natural language processing for which we do not yet have an effective solution to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Brandon C. Colelough , Davis Bartels , Dina Demner-Fushman

Recent advances in large language and vision-language models have enabled zero-shot inference, allowing models to solve new tasks without task-specific training. Various adaptation techniques such as prompt engineering, In-Context Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Artyom Gadetsky , Andrei Atanov , Yulun Jiang , Zhitong Gao , Ghazal Hosseini Mighan , Amir Zamir , Maria Brbic

This study investigates the use of large language models (LLMs) for story point estimation. Story points are unitless, project-specific effort estimates that help developers on the scrum team forecast which product backlog items they plan…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Pranam Prakash Shetty , Adarsh Balakrishnan , Mengqiao Xu , Xiaoyin Xi , Zhe Yu

Recent studies have shown that Vision Language Large Models (VLLMs) may output content not relevant to the input images. This problem, called the hallucination phenomenon, undoubtedly degrades VLLM performance. Therefore, various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Minyi Zhao , Jie Wang , Zhaoyang Li , Jiyuan Zhang , Zhenbang Sun , Shuigeng Zhou