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Extremely large antenna array (ELAA) is key to enhancing spectral efficiency in 6G networks. Leveraging the distributed nature of multi-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems enables the formation of distributed ELAA, which often operate in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Tianyu Huo , Jian Xiong , Yiyan Wu , Songjie Yang , Bo Liu , Wenjun Zhang

This work focuses on channel estimation in extremely large aperture array (ELAA) systems, where near-field propagation and spatial non-stationarity introduce complexities that hinder the effectiveness of traditional estimation techniques. A…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Thibaut Ceulemans , Cel Thys , Robbert Beerten , Zhuangzhuang Cui , Sofie Pollin

Accurate channel model and channel estimation are essential to empower extremely large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) in 6G networks with ultra-high spectral efficiency. With the sharp increase in the antenna array aperture of the XL-MIMO scenario,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yu Lu , Linglong Dai

Since the beam squint and near-field effects both inherently exist in upper-6 GHz (U6G) extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems, wideband near-field channel estimation faces severe challenges, such as higher…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Zhizheng Lu , Yu Han , Xiao Li , Shi Jin , Michail Matthaiou

In this paper, we tackle channel estimation in millimeter-wave hybrid multiple-input multiple-output systems by considering off-grid effects. In particular, we assume that spatial parameters can take any value in the angular domain, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-11 Chethan Kumar Anjinappa , You Zhou , Yavuz Yapici , Dror Baron , Ismail Guvenc

For extremely large-scale arrays (XL-arrays), the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) codebook, conventionally used in the far-field, has recently been employed for near-field beam training. However, most existing methods rely on the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-27 Jiapeng Li , Changsheng You , Guoliang Cheng , Haobin Sun , Chao Zhou , Linglong Dai

Empowered by the latest progress on innovative metamaterials/metasurfaces and advanced antenna technologies, holographic multiple-input multiple-output (H-MIMO) emerges as a promising technology to fulfill the extreme goals of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-25 Tierui Gong , Li Wei , Chongwen Huang , George C. Alexandropoulos , Mérouane Debbah , Chau Yuen

This paper addresses the challenge of channel estimation in extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems, pivotal for the advancement of 6G communications. XL-MIMO systems, characterized by their vast antenna…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Sunho Kim , Wan Choi

The "near-field" propagation modeling of wireless channels is necessary to support sixth-generation (6G) technologies, such as intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), that are enabled by large aperture antennas and higher frequency carriers.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Navneet Agrawal , Ehsan Tohidi , Renato L. G. Cavalcante , Sławomir Stańczak

In this paper, the channel of an indoor holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is measured. It is demonstrated through experiments for the first time that the spatial oversampling of holographic MIMO systems is able to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Tengjiao Wang , Yongxi Liu , Ming Zhang , Wei E. I. Sha , Cen Ling , Chao Li , Shaobo Wang

Uplink sensing is still a relatively unexplored scenario in integrated sensing and communication which can be used to improve positioning and sensing estimates. We introduce a pilot-based maximum likelihood, and a maximum a posteriori…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-13 Enrique T. R. Pinto , Markku Juntti

Holographic metasurface transceivers (HMT) is an emerging technology for enhancing the coverage and rate of wireless communication systems. However, acquiring accurate channel state information in HMT-assisted wireless communication systems…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-10 Debamita Ghosh , Manjesh K. Hanawal , Nikola Zlatanov

With the development of high speed trains (HST) in many countries, providing broadband wireless services in HSTs is becoming crucial. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) has been widely adopted for broadband wireless…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-06 Xiang Ren , Wen Chen , Meixia Tao

In a realistic wireless environment, the multi-antenna channel usually exhibits spatially correlation fading. This is more emphasized when a large number of antennas is densely deployed, known as holographic massive MIMO (multiple-input…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a key enabling technology for sixth-generation (6G) communication systems. Nevertheless, the increase in array aperture and signal bandwidth brings new challenges to wideband…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Qingxia Feng , Yin Fang , Meng Hua , Cheng Zhang , Chunguo Li , Yongming Huang , Luxi Yang

The sixth-generation networks envision the terahertz (THz) band as one of the key enabling technologies because of its ultrawide bandwidth. To combat the severe attenuation, the THz wireless systems employ large arrays, wherein the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-17 Ahmet M. Elbir , Kumar Vijay Mishra , Symeon Chatzinotas

Holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems constitute a promising technology in support of next-generation wireless communications, thus paving the way for a smart programmable radio environment. However, despite its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yuanbin Chen , Ying Wang , Zhaocheng Wang , Ping Zhang

Wireless communication is the most effective communication to convey audio or video information among the population. It enables the masses to connect throughout the world. Wireless technologies improve the lifestyle of individuals in rural…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-13 Usha S. M , Mahesh H. B

Orthogonal delay-Doppler division multiplexing~(ODDM) modulation has recently been regarded as a promising technology to provide reliable communications in high-mobility situations. Accurate and low-complexity channel estimation is one of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Dezhi Wang , Chongwen Huang , Xiaojun Yuan , Sami Muhaidat , Lei Liu , Xiaoming Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang , Chau Yuen , Mérouane Debbah

With the rapid deployment of the high speed railway (HSR), the wireless communication in HSR has been one of the indispensable scenarios in the fifth generation (5G) communications. In order to improve the performance of the orthogonal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Qing Tang , Hang Long , Haojun Yang , Yuli Li