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Malware attacks pose a significant threat in today's interconnected digital landscape, causing billions of dollars in damages. Detecting and identifying families as early as possible provides an edge in protecting against such malware. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Christofer Fellicious , Manuel Bischof , Kevin Mayer , Dorian Eikenberg , Stefan Hausotte , Hans P. Reiser , Michael Granitzer

As malware detection evolves, attackers adopt sophisticated evasion tactics. Traditional file-level fingerprinting, such as cryptographic and fuzzy hashes, is often overlooked as a target for evasion. Malware variants exploit minor binary…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Alsharif Abuadbba , Sean Lamont , Ejaz Ahmed , Cody Christopher , Muhammad Ikram , Uday Tupakula , Daniel Coscia , Mohamed Ali Kaafar , Surya Nepal

The ransomware threat has loomed over our digital life since 1989. Criminals use this type of cyber attack to lock or encrypt victims' data, often coercing them to pay exorbitant amounts in ransom. The damage ransomware causes ranges from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Kenan Begovic , Abdulaziz Al-Ali , Qutaibah Malluhi

Rootkits are among the most elusive types of malware, capable of bypassing traditional static analysis methods due to their metamorphic behavior. Signature-based detection techniques struggle against these threats, necessitating a shift…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Paras Ghodeshwar , Sandeep K Shukla , Anand Handa , Nitesh Kumar

Side-channel attacks on memory (SCAM) exploit unintended data leaks from memory subsystems to infer sensitive information, posing significant threats to system security. These attacks exploit vulnerabilities in memory access patterns, cache…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-09 MD Mahady Hassan , Shanto Roy , Reza Rahaeimehr

Agentic AI coding editors driven by large language models have recently become more popular due to their ability to improve developer productivity during software development. Modern editors such as Cursor are designed not just for code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yue Liu , Yanjie Zhao , Yunbo Lyu , Ting Zhang , Haoyu Wang , David Lo

Among many prevailing malware, crypto-ransomware poses a significant threat as it financially extorts affected users by creating denial of access via unauthorized encryption of their documents as well as holding their documents hostage and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Nitin Pundir , Mark Tehranipoor , Fahim Rahman

Model repositories such as Hugging Face increasingly distribute machine learning artifacts serialized with Python's pickle format, exposing users to remote code execution (RCE) risks during model loading. Recent defenses, such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hillel Ohayon , Daniel Gilkarov , Ran Dubin

The continuous increase in malware samples, both in sophistication and number, presents many challenges for organizations and analysts, who must cope with thousands of new heterogeneous samples daily. This requires robust methods to quickly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Theodoros Apostolopoulos , Vasilios Koutsokostas , Nikolaos Totosis , Constantinos Patsakis , Georgios Smaragdakis

Windows malware is predominantly available in cyberspace and is a prime target for deliberate adversarial evasion attacks. Although researchers have investigated the adversarial malware attack problem, a multitude of important questions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Kshitiz Aryal , Maanak Gupta , Mahmoud Abdelsalam , Moustafa Saleh

Clueless is a binary instrumentation tool that characterises explicit cache side channel vulnerabilities of programs. It detects the transformation of data values into addresses by tracking dynamic instruction dependencies. Clueless tags…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Xiaoyue Chen , Pavlos Aimoniotis , Stefanos Kaxiras

The most important security benefit of software memory safety is easy to state: for C and C++ software, attackers can exploit most bugs and vulnerabilities to gain full, unfettered control of software behavior, whereas this is not true for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Úlfar Erlingsson

By their very nature, malware samples employ a variety of techniques to conceal their malicious behavior and hide it from analysis tools. To mitigate the problem, a large number of different evasion techniques have been documented over the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Lorenzo Maffia , Dario Nisi , Platon Kotzias , Giovanni Lagorio , Simone Aonzo , Davide Balzarotti

Spectre attacks disclosed in early 2018 expose data leakage scenarios via cache side channels. Specifically, speculatively executed paths due to branch mis-prediction may bring secret data into the cache which are then exposed via cache…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Guanhua Wang , Sudipta Chattopadhyay , Arnab Kumar Biswas , Tulika Mitra , Abhik Roychoudhury

Many cybersecurity attacks rely on analyzing a binary executable to find exploitable sections of code. Code obfuscation is used to prevent attackers from reverse engineering these executables. In this work, we focus on control flow…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Novak Boskov , Mihailo Isakov , Michel A. Kinsy

Passwords are undoubtedly the most dominant user authentication mechanism on the web today. Although they are inexpensive and easy-to-use, security concerns of password-based authentication are serious. Phishing and theft of password…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Klaudia Krawiecka , Arseny Kurnikov , Andrew Paverd , Mohammad Mannan , N. Asokan

This study focuses on the creation and implementation of ransomware for educational purposes that leverages Python's native cryptographic APIs in a controlled environment. Additionally, an Android version of the framework is implemented…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-19 James Gu , Ahmed Sartaj , Mohammed Akram Taher Khan , Rashid Hussain Khokhar

Open-source software supply chain attacks aim at infecting downstream users by poisoning open-source packages. The common way of consuming such artifacts is through package repositories and the development of vetting strategies to detect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Piergiorgio Ladisa , Henrik Plate , Matias Martinez , Olivier Barais , Serena Elisa Ponta

Trusted execution environments (TEEs) provide an environment for running workloads in the cloud without having to trust cloud service providers, by offering additional hardware-assisted security guarantees. However, main memory encryption…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Jan Wichelmann , Anna Pätschke , Luca Wilke , Thomas Eisenbarth

Downfall is a side-channel attack that leaks values in vector registers from a process to another on the same CPU core. This attack enables an attacker to achieve serious outcomes (e.g., stealing AES keys), and there is no fundamental…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yohei Harata , Soramichi Akiyama