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Robotic assembly tasks remain an open challenge due to their long horizon nature and complex part relations. Behavior trees (BTs) are increasingly used in robot task planning for their modularity and flexibility, but creating them manually…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Jicong Ao , Fan Wu , Yansong Wu , Abdalla Swikir , Sami Haddadin

We present a novel framework that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with automated planning and formal verification to streamline the creation and use of Markov Decision Processes (MDP). Our system leverages LLMs to extract structured…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Enrico Saccon , Davide De Martini , Matteo Saveriano , Edoardo Lamon , Luigi Palopoli , Marco Roveri

Accurate task planning is critical for controlling autonomous systems, such as robots, drones, and self-driving vehicles. Behavior Trees (BTs) are considered one of the most prominent control-policy-defining frameworks in task planning, due…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Azizjon Kobilov , Jianglin Lan

Automated planning is concerned with developing efficient algorithms to generate plans or sequences of actions to achieve a specific goal in a given environment. Emerging Large Language Models (LLMs) can answer questions, write high-quality…

This study introduces intelligent frameworks that use Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve task scheduling for construction robots. The LLM is fed with key data about the desired task, such as agent action abilities, and the desired end…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Swayamjit Saha , Subhabrata Das , Haonan Duan , Xiao-Yang Liu

Task planning for robotic cooking involves generating a sequence of actions for a robot to prepare a meal successfully. This paper introduces a novel task tree generation pipeline producing correct planning and efficient execution for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Md Sadman Sakib , Yu Sun

Successful application of large language models (LLMs) to robotic planning and execution may pave the way to automate numerous real-world tasks. Promising recent research has been conducted showing that the knowledge contained in LLMs can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Ateeq Sharfuddin , Travis Breaux

Large language models (LLMs) have undergone significant expansion and have been increasingly integrated across various domains. Notably, in the realm of robot task planning, LLMs harness their advanced reasoning and language comprehension…

This paper studies close-loop task planning, which refers to the process of generating a sequence of skills (a plan) to accomplish a specific goal while adapting the plan based on real-time observations. Recently, prompting Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Mengkang Hu , Yao Mu , Xinmiao Yu , Mingyu Ding , Shiguang Wu , Wenqi Shao , Qiguang Chen , Bin Wang , Yu Qiao , Ping Luo

The planning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) has garnered increasing attention in recent years due to their remarkable capacity for multi-step reasoning and their ability to generalize across a wide range of domains. While some…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Mohamed Aghzal , Erion Plaku , Gregory J. Stein , Ziyu Yao

We present a novel mission-planning strategy for heterogeneous multi-robot teams, taking into account the specific constraints and capabilities of each robot. Our approach employs hierarchical trees to systematically break down complex…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Piyush Gupta , David Isele , Enna Sachdeva , Pin-Hao Huang , Behzad Dariush , Kwonjoon Lee , Sangjae Bae

This study proposes LiP-LLM: integrating linear programming and dependency graph with large language models (LLMs) for multi-robot task planning. In order for multiple robots to perform tasks more efficiently, it is necessary to manage the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Kazuma Obata , Tatsuya Aoki , Takato Horii , Tadahiro Taniguchi , Takayuki Nagai

There is a growing interest in applying pre-trained large language models (LLMs) to planning problems. However, methods that use LLMs directly as planners are currently impractical due to several factors, including limited correctness of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Lin Guan , Karthik Valmeekam , Sarath Sreedharan , Subbarao Kambhampati

This paper presents an innovative exploration of the application potential of large language models (LLM) in addressing the challenging task of automatically generating behavior trees (BTs) for complex tasks. The conventional manual BT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Fu Li , Xueying Wang , Bin Li , Yunlong Wu , Yanzhen Wang , Xiaodong Yi

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown significant promise in various domains, especially robotics. However, most prior LLM-based work in robotic applications either directly predicts waypoints or applies LLMs within…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yue Meng , Fei Chen , Yongchao Chen , Chuchu Fan

Large-scale task planning is a major challenge. Recent work exploits large language models (LLMs) directly as a policy and shows surprisingly interesting results. This paper shows that LLMs provide a commonsense model of the world in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Zirui Zhao , Wee Sun Lee , David Hsu

Traditional robot task planning methods face challenges when dealing with highly unstructured environments and complex tasks. We propose a task planning method that combines human expertise with an LLM and have designed an LLM prompt…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Yue Zhen , Sheng Bi , Lu Xing-tong , Pan Wei-qin , Shi Hai-peng , Chen Zi-rui , Fang Yi-shu

In modern industrial production, multiple robots often collaborate to complete complex manufacturing tasks. Large language models (LLMs), with their strong reasoning capabilities, have shown potential in coordinating robots for simple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Xiangyu Su , Juzhan Xu , Oliver van Kaick , Kai Xu , Ruizhen Hu

In this work, we introduce SMART-LLM, an innovative framework designed for embodied multi-robot task planning. SMART-LLM: Smart Multi-Agent Robot Task Planning using Large Language Models (LLMs), harnesses the power of LLMs to convert…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Shyam Sundar Kannan , Vishnunandan L. N. Venkatesh , Byung-Cheol Min

Task planning can require defining myriad domain knowledge about the world in which a robot needs to act. To ameliorate that effort, large language models (LLMs) can be used to score potential next actions during task planning, and even…

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