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This paper proposes OCR++, an open-source framework designed for a variety of information extraction tasks from scholarly articles including metadata (title, author names, affiliation and e-mail), structure (section headings and body text,…

Optical character recognition (OCR) is crucial for a deeper access to historical collections. OCR needs to account for orthographic variations, typefaces, or language evolution (i.e., new letters, word spellings), as the main source of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Lijun Lyu , Maria Koutraki , Martin Krickl , Besnik Fetahu

The digitization of historical folkloristic materials presents unique challenges due to diverse text layouts, varying print and handwriting styles, and linguistic variations. This study explores different optical character recognition (OCR)…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Octavian M. Machidon , Alina L. Machidon

Given the ubiquity of handwritten documents in human transactions, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) of documents have invaluable practical worth. Optical character recognition is a science that enables to translate various types of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Jamshed Memon , Maira Sami , Rizwan Ahmed Khan

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology is widely used to extract text from images of documents, facilitating efficient digitization and data retrieval. However, merely extracting text is insufficient when dealing with complex…

The indexing and searching of historical documents have garnered attention in recent years due to massive digitization efforts of important collections worldwide. Pure textual search in these corpora is a problem since optical character…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Taivanbat Badamdorj , Adiel Ben-Shalom , Nachum Dershowitz , Lior Wolf

Historic variations of spelling poses a challenge for full-text search or natural language processing on historical digitized texts. To minimize the gap between the historic orthography and contemporary spelling, usually an automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Anton Ehrmanntraut

Oracle character recognition-an analysis of ancient Chinese inscriptions found on oracle bones-has become a pivotal field intersecting archaeology, paleography, and historical cultural studies. Traditional methods of oracle character…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jing Li , Xueke Chi , Qiufeng Wang , Dahan Wang , Kaizhu Huang , Yongge Liu , Cheng-lin Liu

Linked Data is used in various fields as a new way of structuring and connecting data. Cultural heritage institutions have been using linked data to improve archival descriptions and facilitate the discovery of information. Most archival…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Mariana Dias , Carla Teixeira Lopes

At a time when the quantity of - more or less freely - available data is increasing significantly, thanks to digital corpora, editions or libraries, the development of data mining tools or deep learning methods allows researchers to build a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Jean-Baptiste Camps , Gilles Guilhem Couffignal

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) on contemporary and historical data is still in the focus of many researchers. Especially historical prints require book specific trained OCR models to achieve applicable results (Springmann and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Christoph Wick , Christian Reul , Frank Puppe

This paper introduces PreP-OCR, a two-stage pipeline that combines document image restoration with semantic-aware post-OCR correction to enhance both visual clarity and textual consistency, thereby improving text extraction from degraded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Shuhao Guan , Moule Lin , Cheng Xu , Xinyi Liu , Jinman Zhao , Jiexin Fan , Qi Xu , Derek Greene

Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks (CRNNs) excel at scene text recognition. Unfortunately, they are likely to suffer from vanishing/exploding gradient problems when processing long text images, which are commonly found in scanned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Duc Nguyen , Nhan Tran , Hung Le

Over the past decade, machine learning methods have given us driverless cars, voice recognition, effective web search, and a much better understanding of the human genome. Machine learning is so common today that it is used dozens of times…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Omer Aydin

This paper proposes a combination of a convolutional and a LSTM network to improve the accuracy of OCR on early printed books. While the standard model of line based OCR uses a single LSTM layer, we utilize a CNN- and Pooling-Layer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Christoph Wick , Christian Reul , Frank Puppe

Medical multi-document summarization (MDS) is a complex task that requires effectively managing cross-document relationships. This paper investigates whether incorporating hierarchical structures in the inputs of MDS can improve a model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Yi-Li Hsu , Katelyn X. Mei , Lucy Lu Wang

Optical Character Recognition (OCR), the task of extracting textual information from scanned documents is a vital and broadly used technology for digitizing and indexing physical documents. Existing technologies perform well for clean…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Daniel Rotman , Ophir Azulai , Inbar Shapira , Yevgeny Burshtein , Udi Barzelay

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) has been a topic of interest for many years. It is defined as the process of digitizing a document image into its constituent characters. Despite decades of intense research, developing OCR with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-17 Noman Islam , Zeeshan Islam , Nazia Noor

Conventional Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems are challenged by variant invoice layouts, handwritten text, and low-quality scans, which are often caused by strong template dependencies that restrict their flexibility across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Khushi Khanchandani , Advait Thakur , Akshita Shetty , Chaitravi Reddy , Ritisa Behera

Despite well-documented consequences of the U.S. government's 1930s housing policies on racial wealth disparities, scholars have struggled to quantify its precise financial effects due to the inaccessibility of historical property appraisal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Mihir Bhaskar , Jun Tao Luo , Zihan Geng , Asmita Hajra , Junia Howell , Matthew R. Gormley