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Let $\Lambda$ be a collection of partitions of a positive integer $d$ of the form $$(a_1,\cdots, a_p),\,(b_1,\cdots, b_q),\,(m_1+1,1,\cdots,1),\cdots, (m_l+1,1,\cdots,1),$$ where $(m_1,\cdots, m_l)$ is a partition of $p+q-2>0$. We prove…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-05-15 Jijian Song , Bin Xu

We establish a structure theorem for rational maps $f:\overline{\mathbb{C}}\to\overline{\mathbb{C}}$: the pullback metric $f^{*}{\rm d}s_{0}^{2}$ of the standard metric ${\rm d}s_{0}^{2}$ admits a canonical decomposition into finitely many…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Zhiqiang Wei

To a branched cover between closed, connected and orientable surfaces one associates a "branch datum", which consists of the two surfaces, the total degree d, and the partitions of d given by the collections of local degrees over the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Maria Antonietta Pascali , Carlo Petronio

We consider surface branch data with base surface the sphere, odd degree d, three branching points, and two partitions of d of the form (2,...,2,1) and (2,...,2,2h+1). If the third partition has length L, this datum satisfies the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-03-27 Carlo Petronio

In this paper we investigate the following existence problem for rational functions: for a given collection $\Pi$ of partitions of a number $n$ to define whether there exists a rational function $f$ of degree $n$ for which $\Pi$ is the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-12-10 F. Pakovich

With each holomorphic map $f: R \rightarrow \mathbb C\mathbb P^1$, where $R$ is a compact Riemann surface, one can associate a combinatorial datum consisting of the genus $g$ of $R$, the degree $n$ of $f$, the number $q$ of branching points…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-05-08 Fedor Pakovich

Given two closed orientable surfaces, the Hurwitz existence problem asks whether there exists a branched cover between them having prescribed global degree and local degrees over the branching points. The Riemann-Hurwitz formula gives a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2011-01-18 Ekaterina Pervova , Carlo Petronio

Rational maps on the Riemann sphere occupy a distinguished niche in the general theory of smooth dynamical systems. First, rational maps are complex-analytic, so a broad spectrum of techniques can contribute to their study (quasiconformal…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Curtis T. McMullen

Suppose that 2d-2 tangent lines to the rational normal curve z\mapsto (1 : z : ... : z^d) in d-dimensional complex projective space are given. It was known that the number of codimension 2 subspaces intersecting all these lines is always…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 A. Eremenko , A. Gabrielov

To a branched cover f between orientable surfaces one can associate a certain branch datum D(f), that encodes the combinatorics of the cover. This D(f) satisfies a compatibility condition called the Riemann-Hurwitz relation. The old but…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-06-30 Carlo Petronio , Filippo Sarti

A natural kind of compactification of the virtual moduli spaces of rational functions of one complex variable is given. To describe the boundary points geometrically, the authors introduce the concept of rational functions with nodes,…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2016-02-16 Masayo Fujimura , Masahiko Taniguchi

For a branched cover between two closed orientable surfaces, the Riemann-Hurwitz formula relates the Euler characteristics of the surfaces, the total degree of the cover, and the total length of the partitions of the degree given by the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2011-01-18 Maria Antonietta Pascali , Carlo Petronio

For a given branched covering between closed connected surfaces, there are several easy relations one can establish between the Euler characteristics of the surfaces, their orientability, the total degree, and the local degrees at the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ekaterina Pervova , Carlo Petronio

Branched covers between Riemann surfaces are associated with certain combinatorial data, and Hurwitz existence problem asks whether given data satisfying those combinatorial constraints can be realized by some branched cover. We connect…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-09-02 Xuwen Zhu

We investigate semiconjugate rational functions, that is rational functions $A,$ $B$ related by the functional equation $A\circ X=X\circ B$, where $X$ is a rational function of degree at least two. We show that if $A$ and $B$ is a pair of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-08-17 F. Pakovich

This manuscript studies a special case of the Hurwitz enumeration problem: for branched covers from genus g compact Riemann surface to the Riemann sphere, with three branch points, and require the branching data at one of the branch points…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Yi Song

We demonstrate that solving the classical problems mentioned in the title on quadrature domains when the given boundary data is rational is as simple as the method of partial fractions. A by-product of our considerations will be a simple…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2013-11-27 Steven R. Bell

We consider the connection of functional decompositions of rational functions over the real and complex numbers, and a question about curves on a Riemann sphere which are invariant under a rational function.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-02-23 Peter Müller

I present two independent proofs of the Riemann Hypothesis considered by many the greatest unsolved problem in mathematics. I find that the admissible domain of complex zeros of the Riemann Zeta Function is the critical line. The methods…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-02-03 Roberto Violi

We develop techniques for using compactifications of Hurwitz spaces to study families of rational maps $\mathbb{P}^1\to\mathbb{P}^1$ defined by critical orbit relations. We apply these techniques in two settings: We show that the parameter…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-03-01 Rohini Ramadas , Rob Silversmith
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