Related papers: Lying particles
The density of two {\it initially independent} condensates which are allowed to expand and overlap can show interferences as a function of time due to interparticle interaction. Two situations are separately discussed and compared: (1) all…
Axions and other very light axion-like particles appear in many extensions of the Standard Model, and are leading candidates to compose part or all of the missing matter of the Universe. They also appear in models of inflation, dark…
Recent results of atmospheric neutrino experiments are reviewed and their possible interpretations are discussed, main emphasis being put on the neutrino oscillation hypothesis.
We propose a method for inferring the existence of a latent common cause ('confounder') of two observed random variables. The method assumes that the two effects of the confounder are (possibly nonlinear) functions of the confounder plus…
Symmetry tests provide an important probe for the structure of elementary particle interactions and for the validity of the standard model. However, it is pointed out that in the interpretation of such experiments one must keep in mind that…
The question has been solved whether Bell's inequalities cover all possible kinds of hidden-variable theories. It has been shown that the given nequalities can be hardly derived when the changing space position of photon-pair source…
Much of scientific data is collected as randomized experiments intervening on some and observing other variables of interest. Quite often, a given phenomenon is investigated in several studies, and different sets of variables are involved…
Interference effects in quantum transitions, giving rise to amplification without inversion, optical transparency and to enhancements in nonlinear optical frequency conversions are considered. Review of the relevant early theoretical and…
Optical experiments designed to explore quantum complementarity are reanalyzed. It is argued that, for each, a classical explanation is not only possible, but more coherent and less contrived. The final conclusion is that these experiments…
We present a \lq\lq theorem" which quantifies, for inclusive processes, the level of suppression of the radiative interference effects between the production and decay stages of heavy {\it unstable} particles. The theorem, which is based on…
We examine the logical difficulties that arise when a particle(wave) interferes with itself. We propose to carry out to its full extent a `gedanken' experiment originally proposed by Feynman in order to give an unequivocal experimental…
Quantum mechanics predicts microscopic phenomena with undeniable success. Nevertheless, current theoretical and experimental efforts still do not yield conclusive evidence that there is, or not, a fundamental limitation on the possibility…
Some modified two-slit interference experiments claim to demonstrate a violation of Bohr's complementarity principle. A typical such experiment is theoretically analyzed using wave-packet dynamics. The flaw in the analysis of such…
An interference experiment with entangled particles is theoretically analyzed, where one of the entangled pair (particle 1) goes through a multi-slit before being detected at a fixed detector. In addition, one introduces a mechanism for…
Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a variety of tasks, but their increasing autonomy in real-world applications raises concerns about their trustworthiness. While hallucinations-unintentional…
We study equilibrium configurations of infinitely many identical particles on the real line or finitely many particles on the circle, such that the (repelling) force they exert on each other depends only on their distance. The main question…
We show that big bang cosmology implies a high degree of entanglement of particles in the universe. In fact, a typical particle is entangled with many particles far outside our horizon. However, the entanglement is spread nearly uniformly…
The effects of the experiment itself upon the obtained results and, especially, the influence of a large number of experiments are extensively discussed in the literature. We show that the important factor that stands at the basis of these…
An experiment is described which proves, using single photons only, that the standard hidden variables assumptions (commonly used to derive Bell inequalities) are inconsistent with quantum mechanics. The analysis is very simple and…
It is shown that in a quantum theory over a Galois field, the famous Dirac's result about antiparticles is generalized such that a particle and its antiparticle are already combined at the level of irreducible representations of the…