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Intuitively speaking, a bipartite graph is mirror if it can be drawn in the Cartesian plane in such a way that, the vertices of one stable are points in x=0, the vertices of the other stable set are points in x=1, the edges are straight…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-13 Susana-Clara López , Francesc-Antoni Muntaner-Batle

This is a draft of the textbook/monograph that presents computability theory using string diagrams. The introductory chapters have been taught as graduate and undergraduate courses and evolved through 8 years of lecture notes. The later…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Dusko Pavlovic

Computational topology is an area that revisits topological problems from an algorithmic point of view, and develops topological tools for improved algorithms. We survey results in computational topology that are concerned with graphs drawn…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-09-06 Éric Colin de Verdière

In this paper, we propose a characterization of chordal bipartite graphs and an efficient enumeration algorithm for chordal bipartite induced subgraphs. A chordal bipartite graph is a bipartite graph without induced cycles with length six…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Kazuhiro Kurita , Kunihiro Wasa , Hiroki Arimura , Takeaki Uno

Deciding whether a planar graph (even of maximum degree $4$) is $3$-colorable is NP-complete. Determining subclasses of planar graphs being $3$-colorable has a long history, but since Gr\"{o}tzsch's result that triangle-free planar graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-15 François Dross , Borut Lužar , Mária Maceková , Roman Soták

The complexity of graph homomorphisms has been a subject of intense study [11, 12, 4, 42, 21, 17, 6, 20]. The partition function $Z_{\mathbf A}(\cdot)$ of graph homomorphism is defined by a symmetric matrix $\mathbf A$ over $\mathbb C$. We…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Jin-Yi Cai , Artem Govorov

Suppose $p \geq 1$ is a computable real. We extend previous work of Clanin, Stull, and McNicholl by classifying the computable $L^p$ spaces whose underlying measure spaces are atomic but not purely atomic. In addition, we determine the…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-04-30 Tyler Brown , Timothy H. McNicholl

Any simple group-grading of a finite dimensional complex algebra induces a natural family of digraphs. We prove that $|E\circ E^{\text{op}}\cup E^{\text{op}}\circ E|\geq |E|$ for any digraph $\Gamma =(V,E)$ without parallel edges, and…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-05-22 Yuval Ginosar , Ofir Schnabel

We study a family of positive weighted well-covered graphs, which we call levelable graphs, that are related to a construction of level artinian rings in commutative algebra. A graph $G$ is levelable if there exists a weight function with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Kieran Bhaskara , Michael Y. C. Chong , Takayuki Hibi , Naveena Ragunathan , Adam Van Tuyl

A graph $G$ is {\em matching-decyclable} if it has a matching $M$ such that $G-M$ is acyclic. Deciding whether $G$ is matching-decyclable is an NP-complete problem even if $G$ is 2-connected, planar, and subcubic. In this work we present…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Fábio Protti , Uéverton S. Souza

A relatively new topic in computability theory is the study of notions of computation that are robust against mistakes on some kind of small set. However, despite the recent popularity of this topic relatively foundational questions about…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Peter M. Gerdes

A graph $G$ is said to be perfectly divisible if for every induced subgraph $H$ of $G$ with at least one edge, the vertex set $V(H)$ can be partitioned into two sets $A, B$ such that $H[A]$ is perfect and $\omega(B) < \omega(H)$. It is easy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Hongzhang Chen , Kaiyang Lan , Wenlong Zhong

The commuting graph of a group $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the elements of $G$, two distinct vertices joined if they commute. Our purpose in this paper is twofold: we discuss the computational problem of deciding whether a given…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-29 V. Arvind , Xuanlong Ma , Peter J. Cameron , Natalia V. Maslova

Intrinsic complexity of a relation on a given computable structure is captured by the notion of its degree spectrum - the set of Turing degrees of images of the relation in all computable isomorphic copies of that structure. We investigate…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-10-05 Nikolay Bazhenov , Dariusz Kalociński , Michał Wrocławski

Let $G$ be a finite group, and let ${\rm{cd}}(G)$ denote the set of degrees of the irreducible complex characters of $G$. Define then the character degree graph $\Delta(G)$ as the (simple undirected) graph whose vertices are the prime…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-16 Silvio Dolfi , Emanuele Pacifici , Lucia Sanus

A simple graph is called triangular if every edge of it belongs to a triangle. We conjecture that any graphical degree sequence all terms of which are greater than or equal to 4 has a triangular realisation, and establish this conjecture…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-03 Benjamin Egan , Yuri Nikolayevsky

We show that if the degree sequence of a graph $G$ is close in $\ell_1$-distance to a given realizable degree sequence $(d_1,\dots,d_n)$, then $G$ is close in edit distance to a graph with degree sequence $(d_1,\dots,d_n)$. We then use this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-29 Lior Gishboliner

We prove a complete complexity classification theorem for the planar eight-vertex model. For every parameter setting in ${\mathbb C}$ for the eight-vertex model, the partition function is either (1) computable in P-time for every graph, or…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Austen Fan , Jin-Yi Cai , Shuai Shao , Zhuxiao Tang

We say that a digraph $D$ is competitive if any pair of vertices has a common out-neighbor in $D$ and that a graph $G$ is competitively orientable if there exists a competitive orientation of $G$. The notion of competitive digraphs arose…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-13 Myungho Choi , Minki Kwak , Suh-Ryung Kim

The directions of an infinite graph $G$ are a tangle-like description of its ends: they are choice functions that choose compatibly for all finite vertex sets $X\subseteq V(G)$ a component of $G-X$. Although every direction is induced by a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Jan Kurkofka , Ruben Melcher
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