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The proliferation of sensitive information being stored online highlights the pressing need for secure and efficient user authentication methods. To address this issue, this paper presents a novel zero-effort two-factor authentication (2FA)…
Recent studies have shown how motion-based biometrics can be used as a form of user authentication and identification without requiring any human cooperation. This category of behavioural biometrics deals with the features we learn in our…
We propose a two-factor authentication (2FA) mechanism called 2D-2FA to address security and usability issues in existing methods. 2D-2FA has three distinguishing features: First, after a user enters a username and password on a login…
To protect users from data breaches and phishing attacks, service providers typically implement two-factor authentication (2FA) to add an extra layer of security against suspicious login attempts. However, since 2FA can sometimes hinder…
Despite being more secure and strongly promoted, two-factor (2FA) or multi-factor (MFA) schemes either fail to protect against recent phishing threats such as real-time MITM, controls/relay MITM, malicious browser extension-based phishing…
Two-factor authentication (2FA) schemes that rely on a combination of knowledge factors (e.g., PIN) and device possession have gained popularity. Some of these schemes remain secure even against strong adversaries that (a) observe the…
Rolling out a new security mechanism in an organisation requires planning, good communication, adoption from users, iterations of reflection on the challenges experienced and how they were overcome. Our case study elicited users'…
The existing authentication system has two entry points (i.e., username and password fields) to interact with the outside, but neither of them has a gatekeeper, making the system vulnerable to cyberattacks. In order to ensure the…
In the era of pervasive cyber threats and exponential growth in digital services, the inadequacy of single-factor authentication has become increasingly evident. Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), which combines knowledge-based factors…
The fifth generation (5G) and beyond wireless networks are critical to support diverse vertical applications by connecting heterogeneous devices and machines, which directly increase vulnerability for various spoofing attacks. Conventional…
Today, two-factor authentication (2FA) is a widely implemented mechanism to counter phishing attacks. Although much effort has been investigated in 2FA, most 2FA systems are still vulnerable to carefully designed phishing attacks, and some…
The digital age requires strong security measures to protect online activities. Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) has emerged as a critical solution. However, its implementation presents significant challenges, particularly in terms of…
Traditional user authentication involves entering a username and password into a system. Strong authentication security demands, among other requirements, long, frequently hard-to-remember passwords. Two-factor authentication aids in the…
Attackers increasingly, and with high success rates, use social engineering techniques to circumvent second factor authentication (2FA) technologies, compromise user accounts and sidestep fraud detection technologies. We introduce a social…
With the ongoing digitalisation of our everyday tasks, more and more eGovernment services make it possible for citizens to take care of their administrative obligations online. This type of services requires a certain assurance level for…
To prevent password breaches and guessing attacks, banks increasingly turn to two-factor authentication (2FA), requiring users to present at least one more factor, such as a one-time password generated by a hardware token or received via…
One-time login process in conventional authentication systems does not guarantee that the identified user is the actual user throughout the session. However, it is necessary to re-verify the user identity periodically throughout a login…
Two-factor authentication (2F) aims to enhance resilience of password-based authentication by requiring users to provide an additional authentication factor, e.g., a code generated by a security token. However, it also introduces…
Risk-based Authentication (RBA) is an adaptive security measure to strengthen password-based authentication. RBA monitors additional features during login, and when observed feature values differ significantly from previously seen ones,…
In today's technology-driven world, web services have opened up new opportunities for blind and visually impaired people to interact independently. Securing interactions with these services is crucial; however, currently deployed…