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This paper introduces UnitTenX, a state-of-the-art open-source AI multi-agent system designed to generate unit tests for legacy code, enhancing test coverage and critical value testing. UnitTenX leverages a combination of AI agents, formal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yiannis Charalambous , Claudionor N. Coelho , Luis Lamb , Lucas C. Cordeiro

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in automating significant aspects of coding by producing natural code from informal natural language (NL) intent. However, given NL is informal, it does not lend easily to checking…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Sarah Fakhoury , Aaditya Naik , Georgios Sakkas , Saikat Chakraborty , Shuvendu K. Lahiri

The Extended Finite State Machine (EFSM) is one of the most popular modeling approaches for model-based testing. However, EFSM-based test case generation is susceptible to the infeasible (inexecutable) path problem, which stems from the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Zhijie Pan , Ting Shu , Zuohua Ding

The rising popularity of the microservice architectural style has led to a growing demand for automated testing approaches tailored to these systems. EvoMaster is a state-of-the-art tool that uses Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Clinton Cao , Annibale Panichella , Sicco Verwer

Large language model (LLM)-powered assistants are increasingly used for generating program code and unit tests, but their application in acceptance testing remains underexplored. To help address this gap, this paper explores the use of LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Margarida Ferreira , Luis Viegas , Joao Pascoal Faria , Bruno Lima

Automated unit test generation has been widely studied, with Large Language Models (LLMs) recently showing significant potential. Moreover, in the context of unit test generation, these tools prioritize high code coverage, often at the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Zhe Zhang , Xingyu Liu , Yuanzhang Lin , Xiang Gao , Hailong Sun , Yuan Yuan

We present LLMSTEP, a tool for integrating a language model into the Lean proof assistant. LLMSTEP is a Lean 4 tactic that sends a user's proof state to a server hosting a language model. The language model generates suggestions, which are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Sean Welleck , Rahul Saha

In computer science, students are encouraged to learn various programming languages such as Python, C++, and Java, equipping them with a broad range of technical skills and problem-solving capabilities. Nevertheless, the design of objective…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jongwook Si , Sungyoung Kim

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming how people find information, and many users turn nowadays to chatbots to obtain answers to their questions. Despite the instant access to abundant information that LLMs offer, it is still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Jamshid Mozafari , Bhawna Piryani , Abdelrahman Abdallah , Adam Jatowt

Large language models (LLMs) bear great potential for automating tedious development tasks such as creating and maintaining code documentation. However, it is unclear to what extent developers can effectively prompt LLMs to create concise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Hans-Alexander Kruse , Tim Puhlfürß , Walid Maalej

Unit testing plays a pivotal role in the software development lifecycle, as it ensures code quality. However, writing high-quality unit tests remains a time-consuming task for developers in practice. More recently, the application of large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yuwei Zhang , Qingyuan Lu , Kai Liu , Wensheng Dou , Jiaxin Zhu , Li Qian , Chunxi Zhang , Zheng Lin , Jun Wei

Software testing is still a manual process in many industries, despite the recent improvements in automated testing techniques. As a result, test cases are often specified in natural language by different employees and many redundant test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Markos Viggiato , Dale Paas , Chris Buzon , Cor-Paul Bezemer

Developing the logic necessary to solve mathematical problems or write mathematical proofs is one of the more difficult objectives for large language models (LLMS). Currently, the most popular methods in literature consists of fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Tianbo Yang , Mingqi Yan , Hongyi Zhao , Tianshuo Yang

Unit testing frameworks are nowadays considered a best practice, included in almost all modern software development processes, to achieve rapid development of correct specifications. Knowledge representation and reasoning paradigms such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Giovanni Amendola , Tobias Berei , Giuseppe Mazzotta , Francesco Ricca

Block-based programming languages enable young learners to quickly implement fun programs and games. The Scratch programming environment is particularly successful at this, with more than 50 million registered users at the time of this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Adina Deiner , Christoph Frädrich , Gordon Fraser , Sophia Geserer , Niklas Zantner

The ability to research and synthesize knowledge is central to human expertise and progress. A new class of AI systems--designed for generative research synthesis--aims to automate this process by retrieving information from the live web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Liana Patel , Negar Arabzadeh , Harshit Gupta , Ankita Sundar , Ion Stoica , Matei Zaharia , Carlos Guestrin

Automatic assessment of code, in particular to support education, is an important feature included in several Learning Management Systems (LMS), at least to some extent. Several kinds of assessments can be designed, such as exercises asking…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Sébastien Combéfis , Guillaume de Moffarts

Common test generators fall into two categories. Generating test inputs at the unit level is fast, but can lead to false alarms when a function is called with inputs that would not occur in a system context. If a generated input at the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Alexander Kampmann , Andreas Zeller

Automated library APIs testing is difficult as it requires exploring a vast space of parameter inputs that may involve objects with complex data types. Existing search based approaches, with limited knowledge of relations between object…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Jiageng Li , Zhen Dong , Chong Wang , Haozhen You , Cen Zhang , Yang Liu , Xin Peng

We present an account of an ongoing practice-based Design Research programme that explores the interaction affordances of real-time AI image generators. Based on our experiences from three installations, we reflect on the design of PromptJ,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Joseph Lindley , Roger Whitham
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