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This paper presents Audio-Visual LLM, a Multimodal Large Language Model that takes both visual and auditory inputs for holistic video understanding. A key design is the modality-augmented training, which involves the integration of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Fangxun Shu , Lei Zhang , Hao Jiang , Cihang Xie

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have typically focused on integrating visual and textual modalities, with less emphasis placed on the role of speech in enhancing interaction. However, speech plays a crucial role in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Chaoyou Fu , Haojia Lin , Xiong Wang , Yi-Fan Zhang , Yunhang Shen , Xiaoyu Liu , Haoyu Cao , Zuwei Long , Heting Gao , Ke Li , Long Ma , Xiawu Zheng , Rongrong Ji , Xing Sun , Caifeng Shan , Ran He

Large Language Models(LLMs) have revolutionized text generation and multimodal perception,but their capabilities in 3D content generation remain underexplored. Existing methods compromise by producing either low-resolution meshes or coarse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Junming Huang , Chi Wang , Letian Li , Guangkai Xu , Donglin Huang , Hao Chen , Qiang Dai , Weiwei Xu

This paper proposes LayoutLLM, a more flexible document analysis method for understanding imaged documents. Visually Rich Document Understanding tasks, such as document image classification and information extraction, have gained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Masato Fujitake

In recent years, large language models have had a very impressive performance, which largely contributed to the development and application of artificial intelligence, and the parameters and performance of the models are still growing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Xuran Zheng , Chang D. Yoo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable ability to process information across various languages. Despite their capabilities, they exhibit inconsistencies in handling identical queries in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Yue Huang , Chenrui Fan , Yuan Li , Siyuan Wu , Tianyi Zhou , Xiangliang Zhang , Lichao Sun

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant strides in various visual understanding tasks. However, the majority of these models are constrained to process low-resolution images, which limits their effectiveness in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Xiangyu Zhao , Xiangtai Li , Haodong Duan , Haian Huang , Yining Li , Kai Chen , Hua Yang

Recent studies reveal that integrating new modalities into Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Vision-Language Models (VLMs), creates a new attack surface that bypasses existing safety training techniques like Supervised Fine-tuning (SFT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Trishna Chakraborty , Erfan Shayegani , Zikui Cai , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh , M. Salman Asif , Yue Dong , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury , Chengyu Song

Multimodal Vision Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as a transformative topic at the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing, enabling machines to perceive and reason about the world through both visual and textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Zongxia Li , Xiyang Wu , Hongyang Du , Fuxiao Liu , Huy Nghiem , Guangyao Shi

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on instruction-following tasks by integrating pretrained visual encoders with large language models (LLMs). However, existing approaches often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Wayner Barrios , Andrés Villa , Juan León Alcázar , SouYoung Jin , Bernard Ghanem

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can process text presented as images, yet they often perform worse than when the same content is provided as textual tokens. We systematically diagnose this "modality gap" by evaluating seven MLLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Kaiser Sun , Xiaochuang Yuan , Hongjun Liu , Chen Zhao , Cheng Zhang , Mark Dredze , Fan Bai

Building models that comprehends videos and responds specific user instructions is a practical and challenging topic, as it requires mastery of both vision understanding and knowledge reasoning. Compared to language and image modalities,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Ji Qi , Kaixuan Ji , Jifan Yu , Duokang Wang , Bin Xu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

State-of-the-art Vision-Language Models (VLMs) ground the vision and the language modality primarily via projecting the vision tokens from the encoder to language-like tokens, which are directly fed to the Large Language Model (LLM)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Sivan Doveh , Shaked Perek , M. Jehanzeb Mirza , Wei Lin , Amit Alfassy , Assaf Arbelle , Shimon Ullman , Leonid Karlinsky

Currently, large language models (LLMs) predominantly focus on the text modality. To enable more natural human-AI interaction, speech LLMs are emerging, but building effective end-to-end speech LLMs remains challenging due to limited data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yan Zhou , Qingkai Fang , Yun Hong , Yang Feng

Recent studies suggest that transformer-based vision-language models (VLMs) capture the multimodality of concept processing in the human brain. However, a systematic evaluation exploring different types of VLM architectures and the role…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Anna Bavaresco , Marianne de Heer Kloots , Sandro Pezzelle , Raquel Fernández

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has marked a significant milestone in the realm of artificial intelligence, with their capabilities often matching or surpassing human expertise in various domains. Among these achievements, their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Rabimba Karanjai , Lei Xu , Weidong Shi

The remarkable progress of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has garnered unparalleled attention, due to their superior performance in visual contexts. However, their capabilities in visual math problem-solving remain insufficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Renrui Zhang , Dongzhi Jiang , Yichi Zhang , Haokun Lin , Ziyu Guo , Pengshuo Qiu , Aojun Zhou , Pan Lu , Kai-Wei Chang , Peng Gao , Hongsheng Li

Vision-language models (VLMs) allow to embed texts and images in a shared representation space. However, it has been shown that these models are subject to a modality gap phenomenon meaning there exists a clear separation between the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 François Role , Sébastien Meyer , Victor Amblard

Human language is often multimodal, which comprehends a mixture of natural language, facial gestures, and acoustic behaviors. However, two major challenges in modeling such multimodal human language time-series data exist: 1) inherent data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Shaojie Bai , Paul Pu Liang , J. Zico Kolter , Louis-Philippe Morency , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have rapidly advanced in visual tasks, yet their spatial understanding remains limited to single images, leaving them ill-suited for physical-world applications that require multi-frame reasoning.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Runsen Xu , Weiyao Wang , Hao Tang , Xingyu Chen , Xiaodong Wang , Fu-Jen Chu , Matt Feiszli , Kevin J. Liang
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