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Deep learning-based approaches for generating novel drug molecules with specific properties have gained a lot of interest in the last few years. Recent studies have demonstrated promising performance for string-based generation of novel…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-18 Hampus Gummesson Svensson , Christian Tyrchan , Ola Engkvist , Morteza Haghir Chehreghani

De novo drug design is a crucial component of modern drug development, yet navigating the vast chemical space to find synthetically accessible, high-affinity candidates remains a significant challenge. Reinforcement Learning (RL) enhances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 R Yadunandan , Nimisha Ghosh

Developing new drugs is laborious and costly, demanding extensive time investment. In this paper, we introduce a de-novo drug design strategy, which harnesses the capabilities of language models to devise targeted drugs for specific…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-20 Salma J. Ahmed , Emad A. Mohammed

De novo molecular design has facilitated the exploration of large chemical space to accelerate drug discovery. Structure-based de novo method can overcome the data scarcity of active ligands by incorporating drug-target interaction into…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-16 Yaqin Li , Lingli Li , Yongjin Xu , Yi Yu

Efficient design and discovery of target-driven molecules is a critical step in facilitating lead optimization in drug discovery. Current approaches to develop molecules for a target protein are intuition-driven, hampered by slow iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Andrew D. McNaughton , Mridula S. Bontha , Carter R. Knutson , Jenna A. Pope , Neeraj Kumar

Finetuning a Large Language Model (LLM) is crucial for generating results towards specific objectives. This research delves into the realm of drug optimization and introduce a novel reinforcement learning algorithm to finetune a drug…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Xuefeng Liu , Songhao Jiang , Siyu Chen , Zhuoran Yang , Yuxin Chen , Ian Foster , Rick Stevens

The fundamental goal of generative drug design is to propose optimized molecules that meet predefined activity, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic criteria. Despite recent progress, we argue that existing generative methods are limited in…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-12-17 Julien Horwood , Emmanuel Noutahi

Machine learning has the potential to automate molecular design and drastically accelerate the discovery of new functional compounds. Towards this goal, generative models and reinforcement learning (RL) using string and graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Daniel Flam-Shepherd , Alexander Zhigalin , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Traditional drug discovery programs are being transformed by the advent of machine learning methods. Among these, Generative AI methods (GM) have gained attention due to their ability to design new molecules and enhance specific properties…

De novo molecular design has extensive applications in drug discovery and materials science. The vast chemical space renders direct molecular searches computationally prohibitive, while traditional experimental screening is both time- and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Junyu Hou

Reinforcement learning (RL) over text representations can be effective for finding high-value policies that can search over graphs. However, RL requires careful structuring of the search space and algorithm design to be effective in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Raj Ghugare , Santiago Miret , Adriana Hugessen , Mariano Phielipp , Glen Berseth

Designing de novo 3D molecules with desirable properties remains a fundamental challenge in drug discovery and molecular engineering. While diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating high-quality 3D molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Lianghong Chen , Dongkyu Eugene Kim , Mike Domaratzki , Pingzhao Hu

Over the last decade, there has been significant progress in the field of machine learning for de novo drug design, particularly in deep generative models. However, current generative approaches exhibit a significant challenge as they do…

In this work, we introduce a method to fine-tune a Transformer-based generative model for molecular de novo design. Leveraging the superior sequence learning capacity of Transformers over Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), our model can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Pengcheng Xu , Tao Feng , Tianfan Fu , Siddhartha Laghuvarapu , Jimeng Sun

The aim of the inverse chemical design is to develop new molecules with given optimized molecular properties or objectives. Recently, generative deep learning (DL) networks are considered as the state-of-the-art in inverse chemical design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Haoran Wei , Mariefel Olarte , Garrett B. Goh

Many multi-genic systemic diseases such as neurological disorders, inflammatory diseases, and the majority of cancers do not have effective treatments yet. Reinforcement learning powered systems pharmacology is a potentially effective…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-02-25 Ryan K. Tan , Yang Liu , Lei Xie

De novo drug design requires simultaneously generating novel molecules outside of training data and predicting their target properties, making it a hard task for generative models. To address this, we propose Joint Transformer that combines…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Adam Izdebski , Ewelina Weglarz-Tomczak , Ewa Szczurek , Jakub M. Tomczak

Automating molecular design using deep reinforcement learning (RL) holds the promise of accelerating the discovery of new chemical compounds. Existing approaches work with molecular graphs and thus ignore the location of atoms in space,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-02 Gregor N. C. Simm , Robert Pinsler , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

The generation of drug-like molecules is crucial for drug design. Existing reinforcement learning (RL) methods often overlook structural information. However, feature engineering-based methods usually merely focus on binding affinity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Xiangyu Zhang

Deep generative models, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs), have been employed for $de~novo$ molecular generation in drug discovery. Most prior studies have utilized reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, particularly Monte…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-09 Huidong Tang , Chen Li , Sayaka Kamei , Yoshihiro Yamanishi , Yasuhiko Morimoto
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